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The December 31, 2026 deadline for pre-approved 403(b) plan restatements may seem far off, but waiting could create vendor delays and compliance risk. Learn what plan sponsors should review, adopt, retain, and communicate now to stay on track.

Nonprofits may not need to change Form 990 reporting yet, but new transparency proposals signal more scrutiny ahead. Learn what tax-exempt organizations should know about proposed legislation and why strong documentation remains important.

The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) released its 2025 Annual Report on the Interim Inspection Program Related to Audits of Brokers and Dealers, providing insight into the quality of broker-dealer audits and attestation engagements performed by PCAOB-registered firms. The report is a roadmap to the areas most likely to attract regulatory scrutiny. 

CMS Worksheet S-12 introduces new Medicare Advantage negotiated charge reporting for certain Inpatient Prospective Payment System (IPPS) hospitals. Learn who must complete the worksheet, what data is needed, and how early preparation can help reduce cost report filing risk.

The American Medical Association annually updates the CPT® (Current Procedural Terminology) code set. The effects often extend beyond the coding department, requiring changes to documentation, coding, workflows, education, and auditing. Early preparation can minimize disruptions.

As credit card processing costs continue to rise, many businesses are looking for ways to recover these expenses without significantly affecting profitability. Surcharging and dual pricing are two options. Learn more about how each works and what to consider when determining the best strategy for your business.

Compliance programs help Medicaid agencies, health plans, healthcare providers, and community organizations manage risk, meet oversight expectations, and protect public resources. This article explains how compliance supports accountability, program integrity, audit readiness, and public trust. It matters because strong compliance programs help organizations identify problems earlier, improve decision-making, and operate more effectively in complex regulatory environments.

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) issued the FFY 2027 SNF PPS Final Rule, which was published in the Federal Register on July 31, 2026. The rule updates SNF PPS payment rates effective from October 1, 2026, to September 30, 2027, and includes changes to the SNF Quality Reporting Program (QRP), the SNF Value-Based Purchasing (VBP) Program, and several policy initiatives that may shape future reimbursement. 

Every July, the National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA) celebrates Park and Recreation Month. This year's theme, "The Power Of," highlights the power of connection, play, community, nature, belonging, and well-being. But what does that actually look like? 

The FDIC's Quarterly Banking Profile for first quarter 2026 reports the performance for the 3,852 community banks evaluated.

CMS’s Payroll-Based Journal requirements are changing and nursing facilities need to be ready. Learn practical steps to review PBJ data, manage iQIES access, avoid reporting errors, and prepare for audit scrutiny.  

More than half of organizations that fall victim to fraud recover nothing—a sign that it remains a persistent and costly risk for financial services organizations. A proactive fraud risk management approach is essential.

Banks are finding real uses for generative AI, but the technology can create compliance, reporting, and trust risks if controls are weak. This article offers 10 practical steps bank executives can take to implement GenAI with confidence.

AI medical scribes may ease documentation burden, but they also raise important questions about privacy, consent, and oversight. Learn what healthcare organizations should evaluate before adopting these tools in clinical practice. 

Times of uncertainty often reveal where a business is most exposed—making exit planning an important time to address gaps with intention. By using assessments, risk profiling, and benchmarking, owners can prioritize the highest-impact issues and strengthen the metrics and controls needed for faster, better decisions that support business valuation.

When most people think about water parks, they think about slides, lazy rivers, and summer crowds. What they do not always see is a highly complex operation that blends revenue generation, community service, workforce development, and long-term planning in a way that many public sector organizations can learn from.

Veterinary practices can miss key financial warnings. Find out about 12 common blind spots—from pricing and payroll to cash flow and planning—and see where stronger financial visibility can support healthier margins, better decisions, and long-term stability.

With uncertainty from shifting economic conditions, market volatility, and evolving tax policy, now may be a good time to use trust, gift, and estate strategies to transfer privately held business interests. Discounts for lack of control and marketability discounts may stretch exemptions.

With continued uncertainty in the business environment—shifting economic conditions, market volatility, and evolving tax policy—trust, gift, and estate strategies may help transfer privately held business interests. Noncontrolling interests may be discounted for lack of marketability when transferability is limited. 

Uncertainty can create planning opportunities. Learn how discounts for lack of control and discounts for lack of marketability work—and why applying them correctly (multiplicative, not additive) can help transfer more ownership while preserving gift and estate tax exemptions. 

The 2026 NAVIGATE Healthcare Leadership Summit highlighted the issues shaping healthcare today, from financial strain and regulatory change to payer audits and AI oversight. This article recaps the sessions and the key takeaways for industry leaders.

This article explores how Federally Qualified Health Centers can translate location- and service line-level reporting into budgets that reflect real operating conditions, support sustainability, and improve accountability.

CMS Administrator Dr. Mehmet Oz, in a letter to state Medicaid directors, issued new guidance mandating the creation of an off-cycle provider revalidation process to address fraud, waste, and abuse. Find out what providers need to know to navigate the changes.

State Medicaid agencies and Managed Care Organizations (MCOs) are facing growing pressure to better coordinate care across providers, vendors, and different state and federal agencies while reducing administrative complexity for members. Federal and state priorities—including greater focus on behavioral health integration, mental health parity, continuity of coverage, and proactive oversight—are also increasing expectations around coordination, accountability, and operational performance. 

Time and effort reporting is more than a routine administrative task—it’s a key control to ensure that payrolls charged to federally funded grants are allowable and properly supported. Because it is a high-risk area for grantees—and a frequent audit finding for HRSA grantees—strong documentation is critical to reducing compliance exposure and administrative burden. This article breaks down what time and effort reporting is, why the urgency has increased, and what health centers can do to strengthen practices and lower risks. 

Every organization experiences pain points from time to time: your costs may be too high, your cycle times too slow, your error rates are unacceptable, complaints are mounting. When things go wrong, it’s often the underlying processes and systems—not the people—that are at fault. To find a solution, organizations may turn to a consulting partner, like BerryDunn, for Business Process Improvement (BPI) services.

In this article, we discuss the types of BPI and related services like business process reengineering (BPR) you might consider, and how to decide which approach is right for your organization.

Defined contribution plan fiduciaries, especially those overseeing 401(k)s, face ongoing ERISA class actions. Plaintiffs now target routine practices, claiming they raise plan costs or shift expenses to participants. Plan sponsors, committees, and service providers are rechecking long‑standing practices to reduce risk. 

Community engagement is at the heart of what we do as parks and recreation professionals. When it works, it builds trust, strengthens programs, and leads to better, community-driven decisions. When it falls short, participation drops, projects lose momentum, and we risk hearing from the same voices over and over.  

When the federal government shut down for 43 days (October 1 – November 12, 2025), millions of families worried about losing access to WIC—the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children. WIC provides healthy food and nutrition support to pregnant women, new moms, and children 5 years and younger. The shutdown exposed critical vulnerabilities in WIC funding. While states and USDA implemented emergency measures, the experience underscores the need for structural reforms and proactive planning. 

The 2026 National Money Laundering Risk Assessment provides a comprehensive look at the most significant illicit finance threats facing the US financial system. While the report spans the entire economy, several themes are particularly relevant for community banks, credit unions, and broker‑dealers. 

As states apply Medicaid work requirements, policymakers and stakeholders must look past top-line enrollment projections to grasp the full scope of the impact. Experience shows that work requirements introduce administrative complexity, enrollment volatility, and financial ripple effects across Medicaid programs, health insurers/managed care organizations (MCOs), providers, and employers. 

With the prevalence of workplace violence in the healthcare industry, it’s important—and required by law in some states—to have a workplace violence prevention program. Understanding the definition and types of workplace violence, regulations, plan elements, and other considerations is essential. 

As we previously wrote about, on February 20, 2026, the US Supreme Court invalidated tariffs imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA).

Last week, the US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) announced a new process that allows importers to request refunds of those tariffs. We'll walk through how to actually claim refunds, what to expect from the process, and where complications can arise.

In today’s increasingly digital environment, cybersecurity has become a critical concern for nonprofit (NFP) organizations. While many NFPs operate with smaller teams and tight budgets, they still handle sensitive information—donor records, payment data, client demographics, and sometimes even health‑related or financial assistance files. Unfortunately, cybercriminals recognize this and often view NFPs as soft targets with valuable data. Because community trust is so important, a cybersecurity incident can create financial and reputational hurdles for an organization. The good news, however, is that strong cybersecurity foundations do not always require major capital investments. With strategic planning and a focus on essential controls, even the most resource‑constrained organizations can significantly reduce cyber risk. 

For many people, charitable giving is deeply personal, motivated less by tax considerations and more by values and a connection to a cause or organization.  While tax benefits are rarely the primary reason people give, understanding how charitable contributions may affect your taxes remains important. 

To foster broader adoption of the Community Bank Leverage Ratio framework and maintain strong capital standards for community banks, federal banking agencies revised the framework in a final rule issued on April 23, 2026. 

Effective October 1, 2025, the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) expanded its delinquent audit process for Federally Qualified Healthcare Centers (FQHC) that have failed to complete their single audits and submit the corresponding reports within the designated time frame. If health centers fail to complete their single audits and submit the corresponding reports within the designated time frame, they may face additional actions. 

When CAD or RMS systems fall short, replacement often feels like the only option—but it isn’t always the right one. This article helps public safety and local government leaders step back, identify what’s really causing performance issues, and decide whether optimization or replacement is the smarter path forward. 

Commercial insurers publish detailed, machine‑readable files with negotiated rates for every provider, CPT code, and plan to comply with federal transparency requirements. The scale of the data makes it nearly impossible for providers to download and analyze, but payers with the right technology can. Are you leveraging this data to negotiate payer rates, or are you making decisions based on assumptions? 

A new federal executive order aimed at eliminating fraud, waste, and abuse signals a clear shift for healthcare and not-for-profit organizations that receive federal funds. While oversight of federal programs is nothing new, this order formalizes a cross-agency task force and raises expectations around documentation, internal controls, and accountability, particularly for organizations that participate in Medicaid, Medicare, and federal grant and assistance programs.

Workforce shortages, an aging staff, and rising patient demand threaten rural healthcare sustainability. This article is designed for rural health system leaders seeking practical ways to strengthen workforce stability and reduce constant operational strain

There has been a recent flurry of proposals surrounding payment stablecoin regulation. In March and April 2026, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) issued Notices of Proposed Rulemaking (NPR) to implement major provisions of the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for US Stablecoins (GENIUS) Act. While this article focuses on the OCC and FDIC proposals, the US Department of the Treasury, the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, and the Office of Foreign Assets Control have also issued recent proposals on implementing the GENIUS Act.

Maine’s new housing law changes how local zoning works—and raises the stakes for comprehensive planning. Learn what LD 1829 means for municipalities and how updated plans can help communities guide growth on their own terms. 

The FDIC's Quarterly Banking Profile for quarter four 2025 reports the performance for the 3,909 community banks evaluated.

On April 10, 2026, Maine’s governor signed into law the supplemental budget for the fiscal year. The supplemental budget includes several significant changes to the state’s income tax regime. The law updates Maine’s conformity to the Internal Revenue Code and outlines key provisions from which Maine tax law will decouple from federal treatment. The supplemental budget also introduces a 2% high-income tax surcharge and creates a Pass-Through Entity Tax (PTET) whereby electing flow-through businesses can pay income tax on behalf of their owners. 

In an environment of increasing comfort with ‘check the box’ agreements, consent can become a transactional exercise—an administrative checkpoint focused on signatures rather than comprehension. The emphasis shifts to ensuring paperwork is completed, rather than ensuring patients understand what is being proposed, what alternatives exist, what risks matter most to them, and whether they genuinely agree.

For tax years beginning January 1, 2026, additional changes under Internal Revenue Code §274(o) will further restrict meal deductibility under OBBBA, impacting how businesses classify, track, and deduct food-related expenses. 

Each year, more utility leaders realize they are playing catch-up in providing the online experience their customers expect.  And, each year, the bar gets higher. Easy self-service options, real-time updates, and responsive support have become the norm. As a result, today’s utility customers bring those same expectations to every interaction.

Imagine a storm hits your community and there is widespread property, infrastructure, and facility damage; the emergency dispatch center goes dark, some facilities have power but most do not, powered computers show no network or internet connectivity, employee paychecks or vendor payments are delayed, and utility infrastructure asset information is not available. All because the technology supporting these mission essential functions failed.

Leadership in parks and recreation has always required a special kind of commitment. The work is public, people-centered, and often under-resourced. Many leaders in this field are deeply prepared, genuinely invested, and consistently reliable. 

Most tax professionals know about amended returns. Fewer, however, use the superseded return strategically, and that's a missed opportunity. Here's the key distinction: an amended return supplements your original filing. A superseded return replaces it. Similar paperwork, completely different legal effect. The deciding factor is timing. 

By expanding Able Bodied Adults Without Dependents (ABAWD) requirements and tightening SNAP and Medicaid eligibility, the bill reshapes access to public assistance programs that help prevent people from falling deeper into homelessness. New compliance hurdles threaten food security for many unsheltered individuals who cannot realistically meet the documentation and work requirements. The OBBBA ABAWD expansion points to the need for a new statewide approach to unsheltered homelessness that better supports the safety and health of unsheltered families.  

Beginning with calendar year 2026, public housing agencies (PHAs) will be required to submit an annual Federal Financial Report (SF-425) for each operating subsidy grant. Reporting will continue annually until all funds are fully expended or returned to HUD. These changes reflect HUD’s increased focus on transparency, grant life cycle oversight, and compliance monitoring.

To quote George R. R. Martin, “Different roads sometimes lead to the same castle.” The same can be said for Schedule A. When it comes to qualifying as a public charity, the IRS offers more than one path forward. In Part I of this series, we explored the Schedule A Part II public support test—a common route for donor‑supported organizations. In this second installment, we turn to the Schedule A Part III test, an alternative approach designed for organizations that operate under a fee‑for‑service or program‑revenue model. While the tests are different, both can ultimately lead to the same destination: public charity status. 

This is the first in a two-part series that provides a detailed examination of Form 990, Schedule A, offering practical guidance to the many organizations responsible for its complete and accurate preparation. This article focuses on organizations that qualify under Part I, Line 7 – 509(a)(1) – and the steps required to substantiate this classification through the Part II public support test. 

Exclusion screening is one of those healthcare requirements that can feel routine—until it isn’t. An essential element of credentialing, it is the process of regularly checking whether individuals or entities that are connected to your organization appear on federal exclusion lists, created and maintained by US Department of Health & Human Services Office of the Inspector General (OIG) and the System for Award Management (SAM). Individuals or entities on the list may be prohibited from participating in federally funded healthcare programs. When a match is overlooked, the consequences can lead to financial, legal, operational, and reputational risk for an organization. 

Procurement is often described as “ground zero” for audit findings—and for good reason. In single audits and other compliance reviews, procurement files are one of the first places auditors look. Not because organizations are acting in bad faith, but because procurement is where documentation, judgment, and regulatory requirements collide. 

When a company is operating successfully and seeking liquidity—whether to fund growth or return value to shareholders—two primary pathways or “tracks” exist: the public market (IPO), and the private market (a sales transaction). 

The telehealth field is steadily changing as federal policymakers aim to keep patient access open while shaping long-term regulations. The Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2026 (H.R. 7148), signed into law on February 3, 2026, brought the biggest changes by extending major Medicare telehealth benefits for most services until December 31, 2027. Additionally, the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) updated its telehealth guidance, confirming these extensions and ensuring that Medicare beneficiaries in all regions continue to have broad access. 

Charitable organizations play a vital role in addressing social issues, supporting communities, and promoting public welfare. As part of their mission, these organizations often make direct charitable expenditures to fund projects, provide services, and support individuals in need. However, with the privilege of tax-exempt status comes the responsibility to ensure that funds are used appropriately and in compliance with regulatory requirements. One crucial aspect of this compliance is expenditure responsibility, a concept that ensures charitable resources are used for their intended purposes. 

The research and development (R&D) tax landscape is undergoing significant transformation in 2026. While some provisions restore previous benefits, others introduce heightened compliance requirements that demand immediate attention from businesses claiming R&D deductions and credits. 

On February 20, 2026, the US Supreme Court issued a ruling on Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump, a case challenging President Trump’s authority to impose tariffs under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA). In a 6-3 vote, the US Supreme Court ruled that IEEPA does not permit the President to impose tariffs.

After years of advocacy from the Maine CPA community and business organizations, Governor Janet Mills' supplemental budget proposal includes a Pass-Through Entity Tax (PTET) for Maine, which would be effective for tax years beginning January 1, 2026. If enacted, partnerships and S corporations will finally have access to a federal tax planning strategy that businesses in 36 other states have been using for years. Maine has been late to the party, but the party has started!

The Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) issued Statement No. 105, Subsequent Events to enhance the transparency, consistency, and value of financial reporting related to events that occur after the financial statement date, but before the financial statements are issued. The statement realigns existing guidance by clearly describing the subsequent events' time frame, distinguishing between recognized and non-recognized subsequent events, and providing specific disclosure requirements. 

In 2025, our team completed projects in seven states and kicked off new work in 17 states, partnering with communities ranging from fewer than 12,000 residents to more than one million. These projects reflect the core of what our Parks, Recreation, and Libraries team does: helping agencies improve operations, drive innovation, identify improvements based on community need, and strengthen their brand and image. 

Many software-as-a-service (SaaS) companies operate on a subscription-based model with large payments due up front. This article explores how these companies can manage the significant timing differences between financial reporting and IRS tax requirements. 

The accounting profession is undergoing one of the most significant transformations in its history. Advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI), automation, data analytics, and enhanced cloud-based platforms are reshaping not only how accounting work is performed, but also the value that CPAs deliver to their clients. The critical question is no longer whether technology is changing accounting—but whether your CPA is continuing to invest in education, innovation, and forward-thinking strategies to keep pace. This article outlines key questions you need to ask your CPA firm about AI and automation. 

Enacted as part of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA), the foreign entity of concern (FEOC) requirements are designed to reduce US reliance on certain foreign suppliers in the renewable energy sector. These rules bar projects with prohibited foreign entity (PFE) ties from claiming clean energy tax credits and take effect for projects initiated after December 31, 2025.

When CMS previewed its streamlined Medicaid Enterprise System (MES) templates at the Medicaid Enterprise Systems Conference (MESC) in August 2025, the message was clear: change is coming. And guess what? Change arrived with the start of the new year when CMS officially released eight new templates to standardize processes, improve oversight, and accelerate federal reviews. States and territories now have six months to adopt these templates, with full compliance required by July 1, 2026.

As we begin 2026, healthcare organizations have an opportunity to reset. Several years of sustained disruption have created a transformational moment for both operational and strategic realignment. Many organizations are transitioning from a period of reactive decision-making and are now better positioned to take a more intentional, proactive approach. As healthcare leaders, you’re beginning to see opportunities to restore margin, build resiliency, and boost strategic growth. 

As the construction industry faces mounting pressure to reduce its environmental footprint, artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a powerful driver of change. From optimizing material usage to monitoring energy consumption, AI is helping companies build smarter, greener, and more efficiently than ever. 

Bonus depreciation is officially back at 100%, and the rules for 2026 look very different from what many taxpayers had been planning for. After years of preparing for the gradual phase-down under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) of 2025—along with new IRS guidance in Notice 2026‑11—restores full expensing for most qualified property and sets a clearer long-term framework.

Does every audit feel like a rescue mission? Do you often feel like each year is the same as the last? You’re not alone. Many nonprofit and governmental agencies experience turbulence along the way and no audit is perfect. In this article, we’ll outline a strategic approach to help your audit journey progress to planned readiness. 

In a changing healthcare landscape, ensuring that all members of your organization—from administrative to clinical—meet federal eligibility requirements is imperative. Exclusion screening goes beyond regulatory compliance, protecting against costly penalties. Recent enforcement actions highlight the consequences of noncompliance. This article explores the essentials of exclusion screening, common mistakes, and practical insights to help your organization remain compliant. 

Across the United States, 2025 proved to be a pivotal year for nursing facilities (NFs). Fast-paced changes in the regulatory environment, significant shifts in payer mix, including growth of Medicare Advantage plans, and ongoing financial and workforce challenges, have reshaped the landscape. This article summarizes the most impactful trends and issues facing Skilled Nursing Facilities (SNF) and NFs in 2026, as well as strategies for providers to consider adapting. 

For many Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs), year-end Medicare settlements can be unpredictable—sometimes exceeding expectations, sometimes leaving an unexpected shortfall. These surprises often stem from a lack of proactive reimbursement modeling, and they can have real consequences for cash flow, operations, and long-term planning. The good news is that with the right tools and strategies, CAHs can anticipate settlements, make informed decisions, and protect both financial health and operational flexibility. 

Local governments are at a pivotal moment. As retirements accelerate and community needs shift, traditional hiring methods are no longer enough to build resilient, diverse teams. More than half of U.S. states, including the state of Washington, have adopted policies encouraging skills-based hiring, and in states with these policies, 22 out of 25 saw their share of job postings without degree requirements increase (National Governors Association, 2024). 

Launching a Constituent Relationship Management (CRM) initiative isn’t just a software upgrade, it’s a strategic shift in how your organization connects with constituents. Think of it like stepping onto the field for a high-stakes match: success requires preparation, agility, and a game plan that puts constituent experience at the center. 

Patient care is built on trust—and that trust can be compromised when financial relationships aren’t transparent. That’s why compliance laws like the Anti-Kickback Statute (AKS), the Sunshine Act, and the Open Payments Program (OPP) exist. They are designed to promote transparency in healthcare. This article breaks down the essentials and explores what the laws mean for healthcare organizations and clinicians. 

In small towns and rural communities, parks and recreation spaces are vital to quality of life. They’re where neighbors connect, children play, and local traditions thrive. Yet, developing a master plan for these spaces can feel overwhelming—especially with limited budgets and staff. The good news is that effective planning doesn’t have to be complicated or costly. With a right-sized approach, small communities can create practical, actionable master plans that reflect their unique needs and aspirations. 

The FDIC's Quarterly Banking Profile for quarter three 2025 reports the performance for the 3,953 community banks evaluated.

In today's rapidly evolving business landscape, boards of directors are more than just stewards of governance—they are the strategic compass guiding an organization toward enduring success. For the latest installment of our corporate board leadership series, BerryDunn Director of Executive Recruiting, Sarah Olson, shares key insights on leadership transitions, including identifying high-potential employees, offering internal leadership development, and prioritizing the development of a strategic succession plan. 

Rolling out new software isn’t just clicking “Install” and calling it a day. It’s more like planning a wedding. There’s the venue (servers), the guests (users), and yes, the unexpected costs that show up like distant relatives. In today’s digital-first world, implementing software is a strategic investment that can boost efficiency, strengthen compliance, and support long-term growth. However, the true cost goes beyond the sticker price on that shiny new platform. For nonprofits operating on limited budgets, careful planning is essential to avoiding hidden costs when making a technology upgrade. 

The affordable housing landscape in the United States is on the cusp of significant change with the introduction of the Renewing Opportunity in the American Dream (ROAD) to Housing Act of 2025. For nonprofit organizations operating in the affordable housing sector, this proposed legislation brings both new opportunities and important considerations. Here’s what you need to know. 

In healthcare, coding compliance isn’t just about accuracy—the true why behind it is to protect integrity, revenue, and trust. When hospitals and health systems need to develop an internal coding compliance audit plan, it’s important to focus on education, building a culture of accountability, and accuracy. Starting with the why will help staff understand the importance of proactive auditing. It’s far better to identify issues internally than to discover them during an external review. 

Site- and program-specific accounting can be a lifeline to Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) struggling with sustainability by providing a more granular look into operations. This approach allows an FQHC to gain key insights into the performance of its programs and sites and use those insights to make data-driven decisions to improve operations. To implement this method, an FQHC must set up its general ledger (GL), payroll, and Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems to report at the appropriate level of detail so that data flows cleanly into its accounting system. 

The FDIC has proposed raising several key regulatory thresholds, including those that determine which institutions must comply with Part 363’s audit and internal control requirements. The primary driver behind these proposed changes is the growth experienced by institutions since the original thresholds were set decades ago. While the changes are designed to ease compliance burdens for smaller institutions, they also come with a cautionary tale—they would reduce regulatory requirements, but not the risk. 

Liquidity is the lifeline of any nonprofit organization. Strong liquidity ensures uninterrupted programs, financial stability, and the flexibility to respond to unexpected challenges. This article shares practical steps to monitor and manage liquidity effectively, including setting clear policies, tracking cash flow, using key financial ratios, managing reserves, and leveraging technology. By following these best practices, organizations can maintain resilience, build trust with stakeholders, and stay focused on their mission—even during uncertain times.

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2025-08 in November 2025 to address stakeholder concerns regarding the accounting for acquired financial assets under current US GAAP. This update specifically amends the guidance for purchased loans, aiming to improve comparability, consistency, and decision usefulness in financial reporting. 

On November 5, 2025, the US Supreme Court heard arguments in Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump, a case that challenges President Trump’s authority to impose tariffs under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA). If the Court finds the presidential power to impose tariffs unconstitutional, importers may be eligible for refunds of duties already paid and should act quickly. 

In a time when operational efficiency and sustainability are more critical than ever, small- and medium-sized manufacturers (SMMs) face a unique challenge—how to modernize without breaking the bank. Fortunately, the US Department of Energy (DOE) offers a solution through its Industrial Assessment Centers (IACs) Program—an initiative that combines expert guidance with financial support to help manufacturers thrive. 

For a physician beginning a new clinical role, an efficient onboarding process is crucial. A seamless onboarding experience signals to clinicians that the organization values their time, expertise, and contribution to the care continuum. In today’s environment, where every dollar and every patient interaction count, the financial impact of a well-executed onboarding strategy is considerable. 

As public health evolves and new challenges emerge, both new and seasoned professionals need guidance to navigate their careers effectively. Whether guiding fresh graduates or supporting experienced employees, mentoring is a vital step in the workforce lifecycle. It bridges the gaps from academic learning and onboarding through career transitions to professional growth and expertise, helping individuals move from passion to practice and thrive in their respective areas. 

Starting January 1, 2025, a new individual tax benefit allows taxpayers to deduct certain interest paid on loans for qualified passenger vehicle purchases. This deduction is available through the end of 2028 and presents both opportunities and compliance responsibilities for lenders. 

Beginning January 1, 2026, significant changes will affect catch-up contributions to retirement plans for high-earning individuals, sometimes referred to as ‘highly paid participants.’ The new rules specifically target plan participants whose prior-year compensation exceeds a set threshold and require that their catch-up contributions to 401(k), 403(b), and governmental 457(b) plans be made on a Roth (after-tax) basis. This article provides an overview of these new requirements, focusing on the affected plan participants, and discusses the pros and cons as well as key considerations for employers and affected individuals in advance of the transition deadline on December 31, 2025. 

In today's rapidly evolving business landscape, boards of directors are more than just stewards of governance—they are the strategic compass guiding an organization toward enduring success. For the latest installment of our corporate board leadership series, BerryDunn Financial Services Practice Group Senior Manager, Lindsay Francis, shares key insights on information security awareness and risk, including how to embed it in your organizational culture. 

For nonprofit organizations, every resource matters. Selecting the right Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system is no longer just a technology decision, it’s a strategic choice that impacts the entire organization. With so much at stake, it’s essential to approach ERP evaluation and implementation with careful planning and expert guidance. Follow these four steps for best practices to help you make informed decisions that support the mission and vision of your organization during the process. 

Local governments across the United States are facing a historic workforce transition. With nearly 38% of the local government workforce expected to retire within the next five years, the sector is confronting what experts have dubbed the “Silver Tsunami.” This wave of retirements, driven by an aging workforce and accelerated by post-pandemic burnout, is creating a perfect storm of staffing shortages, institutional knowledge loss, and increased pressure on remaining employees. 

Private foundations are vital players in the philanthropic landscape, channeling resources toward charitable, educational, and scientific causes. However, to maintain their tax-exempt status and avoid excise taxes, these organizations must comply with strict IRS rules—particularly those governing qualifying distributions. In the second installment of our trilogy, we will follow the McQueen Family Foundation to determine their qualifying distributions. As a non-operating foundation, this is a crucial step in their annual compliance requirements. 

Construction companies face distinct challenges that make them uniquely vulnerable to fraud. Multiple job sites, a mobile workforce, complex billing arrangements, and layers of subcontractors all increase the risks of misreporting, theft or even errors and require specific oversight. The good news? By understanding the three most common risks, owners can take practical steps to protect both their business and their bottom line. 

When utilities launch a Customer Information System (CIS) project, it can feel like game day—high stakes, fast decisions, and a lot riding on the outcome. Just like championship teams, successful CIS projects require vision, leadership, adaptability, and a playbook built for tough calls and last-minute pivots. 

No one likes to be caught off guard, especially when it comes to an audit. Being “audit ready” isn’t about checking a box; it’s about building confidence, protecting your reputation, and making sure your team can carry out its daily responsibilities with minimal disruption. It’s also important to know when to seek help. 

Today’s healthcare leaders are navigating a perfect storm of workforce shortages, financial strain, regulatory uncertainty, and more, creating unprecedented pressure across the industry. Meanwhile, leaders are being asked to innovate, improve operational efficiencies, and deliver exceptional care—all while remaining compliant and financially viable. Developing a strategy is key. 

In a move that has sparked widespread attention across higher education, the US Department of Education (ED) recently placed Harvard University on Heightened Cash Monitoring (HCM) status. This designation is typically reserved for institutions facing serious financial or administrative challenges. While Harvard’s inclusion may come as a surprise, the decision underscores the importance of understanding the HCM framework and its implications for colleges and universities nationwide. 

Assuring access to behavioral health services in rural communities remains one of the most persistent and critical challenges that state governments face today. Research shows that nearly 18% of large rural areas and over 40% of small or isolated rural areas are at least 30 minutes away from any mental health care facility. In comparison, fewer than 10% of urban areas face this issue. According to Rural Health Information Hub, over 70% of rural counties lack a psychiatrist, and many have no psychologists or licensed counselors. Rural communities often struggle to access behavioral health services, which can harm community well-being, economic stability, and family life. 

Your compliance policies should be living documents that guide daily activities for many staff members. To be effective, they must be clear, concise, and appropriately specific. How do your policies stack up? 

The FDIC's Quarterly Banking Profile for quarter two 2025 reports the performance for the 3,982 community banks evaluated.

When it comes to Medicare reimbursement, the hospital Area Wage Index (AWI) may be one of the most important and often overlooked factors influencing your bottom line. This article breaks down how the wage index is calculated and offers practical strategies to help hospitals avoid common pitfalls, support audit readiness, and take full advantage of this critical reimbursement mechanism.  

In an era defined by rapid technological advancement and constant innovation, one truth remains unchanged: the success of any organization depends on its people. Employee engagement is not a nice-to-have—it’s a strategic imperative. BerryDunn’s Valuable Organizational Insights on Culture and Engagement (VOICE) assessment provides leaders with a research-backed, actionable framework for understanding and improving engagement. Unlike traditional surveys, VOICE translates insights into impact quickly, equipping organizations with tailored recommendations and tools that drive meaningful change within weeks.

In today's rapidly evolving business landscape, boards of directors are more than just stewards of governance—they are the strategic compass guiding an organization toward enduring success. For the latest installment of our corporate board leadership series, BerryDunn Director of Learning & Development, Shawn Tuttle, shares key insights on developing talent within an organization, including the importance of experiential learning, artificial intelligence, employee retention, and the role of managers. 

The US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has revised its federal grant policy, introducing stricter oversight into budget adjustments. Effective October 1, 2025, the new rule lowers the allowable rebudgeting threshold from 25% to 10% and is expected to significantly reduce reallocation flexibility while increasing the administrative workload and compliance risks for health centers and other HHS grantees. 

A financial institution’s core banking system, or core processing system, is an essential software that provides the backbone for day-to-day operations and transaction processing. Accounting for the costs of these systems can be tricky because of the complexities often involved in these contracts.

The Minimum Investment Return (MIR) is a critical component for all private foundations. It is a standardized calculation based primarily on the value of the foundation’s investment (i.e., non-charitable use) assets to ensure that endowments are put to charitable use rather than accumulating excessive wealth with little to no public benefit. By adhering to IRS guidelines and maintaining diligent records, foundations not only avoid costly penalties but also contribute meaningfully to the communities and causes they support. 

On March 25, 2025, President Trump issued an executive order regarding federal tax payments and refunds. Effective September 30, 2025, the US Secretary of the Treasury will discontinue the issuance of paper checks for tax refunds. Additionally, “as soon as practicable,” all payments to the federal government must be made electronically. This change could have a significant impact on taxpayers, especially those who do not have a US bank account. 

In today’s digital age, residents expect the same level of service from their local government as they do from private companies—fast, transparent, and personalized. For municipalities striving to meet these expectations, a constituent relationship management (CRM) system can be a game-changer. 

Organizations across industries are constantly seeking ways to enhance efficiency, streamline operations, and maximize value. However, outdated processes, unnecessary complexity, and organizational inertia can hinder progress, slowing innovation and impacting productivity. The good news? Businesses and institutions can adopt proven methods to become more agile, responsive, and effective—with the right mindset and leadership. 

On July 18, 2025, the US took a historic step in digital finance when President Donald Trump signed the GENIUS Act into law. This legislation introduces the first comprehensive federal framework for payment stablecoins, aiming to balance innovation with consumer protection and financial stability while strengthening the US dollar’s global dominance. 

ESOPs are an attractive employee benefit, giving employees ownership interest in the company through shares of stock and an appealing exit strategy for founders. However, accounting for ESOP transactions can be confusing and cause frustrations for accountants. Understanding the basics of accounting for ESOP transactions is essential to avoiding inaccurate financial statements and ensuring compliance with US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. 

In recent years, the public health workforce has faced unprecedented challenges—from responding to the COVID-19 pandemic to addressing the impact of social determinants of health on communities. These pressures have led to poorer quality of care, reduced access to services, diminished preparedness, and a decline in public trust in the public health system. As political tensions deepen and workplace stress intensifies, public health employees are reporting increased mental health concerns, including burnout and moral injury. 

Most healthcare organizations conduct internal or external Evaluation and Management (E/M) audits on a monthly, quarterly, or annual basis to stay ahead of compliance risks and optimize reimbursement. While these audits can be stressful, given their association with risk, penalties, and payer scrutiny, when executed effectively, they can uncover significant opportunities within a practice.  

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is no longer a futuristic concept reserved for research labs or tech giants in Silicon Valley. Today, AI is becoming a practical and powerful tool for local governments across the country—helping to boost efficiency, reduce costs, and elevate the quality of public services. 

The National Recreation and Parks Association’s (NRPA) Conference is just around the corner, and the annual conference can really be overwhelming, especially for first-year attendees," shares Rich Neumann, manager with BerryDunn's Parks, Recreation, and Libraries team. "Here you have direct access to the brightest minds in our industry exploring the hottest trends in parks and recreation." With the conference approaching (September 16-19 in Orlando), our team of consultants and former practitioners shares their proven strategies for navigating this landmark event. 

Changes are brewing in the healthcare industry due to far-reaching federal reforms. With the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) now signed into law—alongside Executive Orders (EO), judicial rulings, and other federal actions—providers are facing a wave of new requirements and opportunities. This article highlights some of the changes affecting the industry and offers a comprehensive, downloadable summary for a closer look at key impacts.

In today’s governmental accounting space, transparency isn’t just a best practice; it’s expected. Internal and external users rely on financial statements not just for numbers, but for a clear and concise picture of how a government is managing its assets and planning for the future. GASB 104 raises the bar on how governments disclose capital assets, and it warrants attention. 

In its newly released PIH Notice 2025-14, HUD lays out clear guidance for Public Housing Agencies on how to properly manage, report, and safeguard Operating Funds—especially when using centralized accounts like PayMaster or Revolving Fund Accounts. 

Reflections from the MESC 2025 conference. 

A new Executive Order issued by President Donald Trump on August 7, 2025, brings major changes to how federal agencies handle discretionary grants. Titled "Improving Oversight of Federal Grantmaking," the changes in this Order introduce more political oversight, tighter controls on how funds are used, and new compliance rules that will directly affect organizations receiving federal funding. 

In today's rapidly evolving business landscape, boards of directors are more than just stewards of governance—they are the strategic compass guiding an organization toward enduring success. For the latest installment of our board leadership series, BerryDunn's Learning Consultant, Michelle Holloway, shares insights on learning and development, including designing effective training deliverables, aligning courses with an organization’s goals, and getting buy-in from leadership. 

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) introduces sweeping reforms to federal student aid programs, reshaping the financial landscape for higher education institutions and their students. From changes in loan borrowing limits and repayment structures to Pell Grant eligibility and institutional accountability, the OBBBA signals a new era of fiscal discipline and transparency in postsecondary education.

One of the most overlooked yet critical aspects of a successful system replacement for justice and public safety information systems is the planning and documentation of interfaces and integrations.

For many hospitals and health systems implementing Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems, the "go-live" milestone is less of a celebration and more of a stumbling point—even when the implementation seemed like a triumph. Why does this happen? The truth is, go-live is just one of many milestones on the long ascent of your EHR journey.

The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board has released its 2024 Annual Report on the Interim Inspection Program for audits of broker-dealers, outlining persistent deficiencies in broker-dealer audits and attestation engagements. For management and audit committees, the report offers crucial insights into audit risks, regulatory expectations, and areas where stronger oversight is needed. 

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) issued the final rule for the PPS for SNFs for FY 2026 which was published in the Federal Register on August 4, 2025; the regulations in this rule are effective October 1, 2025. 

As financial institutions continue to navigate evolving regulatory landscapes, the recently enacted OBBBA legislation introduces a noteworthy incentive aimed at supporting rural and agricultural development. Effective July 4, 2025, the bill provides a 25% federal income tax exemption on interest income earned from qualifying rural or agricultural real estate loans.  

Executive Order (EO) 14221, released on February 25, 2025, directed the Secretaries of Labor, Health and Human Services (HHS), and the Treasury to implement changes to improve implementation and increase enforcement of the hospital price transparency (HPT) rule. Here we offer practical guidance for HPT compliance. 

The FDIC's Quarterly Banking Profile for quarter one 2025 reports the performance for the 4,022 community banks evaluated.

Capital campaigns can be game changers for nonprofits, enabling bold investments in infrastructure, programs, and long-term growth. Whether you're building a new facility, expanding services, or upgrading technology, a capital campaign aligns fundraising with your strategic vision. 

Healthcare organizations are currently facing growing financial challenges and experiencing high staff turnover. Recruiting a compliance officer may prove challenging due to the unavailability of experienced professionals or concerns about salary and fringe expenses. Depending on a healthcare organization’s fiscal health, consideration might be given to downsizing the compliance department. This article offers guidance to healthcare administrators as they ponder several compliance-related what-if scenarios.

CMS recently extended the deadline for the mandatory SNF provider enrollment off-cycle revalidation to January 1, 2026.  

Signed into law by President Trump on July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) marks a significant step forward in addressing America’s growing need for affordable housing. With the demand for low-cost units far outpacing supply nationwide, the legislation offers targeted solutions aimed at making development more feasible and sustainable.

July is National Parks and Recreation Month, and it’s the perfect time to celebrate the people who transform everyday spaces into places of joy, connection, and belonging. To highlight this year’s theme, ‘Build together, play together,’ members of BerryDunn’s Parks, Recreation, and Libraries team share stories of projects that helped communities thrive—and the personal ways they embrace play in their own lives. 

On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) was signed into law. This article summarizes relevant key provisions that impact tax-exempt organizations. 

In today's rapidly evolving business landscape, boards of directors are more than just stewards of governance—they are the strategic compass guiding an organization toward enduring success. For the latest installment of our board leadership series, BerryDunn HR Generalist Maddie Stevens, shares insights on onboarding, engaging, and fostering connections for new employees, as well as leveraging generational gaps in the workforce.  

Tariffs remain a significant cost factor for US importers and exporters. Understanding and leveraging trade programs is more critical than ever. One underutilized but highly valuable strategic tool is duty drawback. 

On July 1, 2025, Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) and Rural Health Clinics (RHCs) transitioned from cost report-based to claim-based Medicare reimbursement for influenza, pneumococcal, COVID-19, and Hepatitis B vaccines. This important policy change enables real-time payment, improving cash flow and making vaccine administration more financially viable for health centers and clinics. 

Artificial intelligence applications in healthcare have become ubiquitous and pervasive, and their adoption is accelerating. A recent American Medical Association survey disclosed physicians’ confidence in AI’s advantage for patient care is on the rise and their enthusiasm for its use is increasing. 

The "Big Beautiful Bill" introduces a new savings vehicle for American families called the Trump Account. This novel provision has largely been overshadowed by other headline items including the SALT cap—and perhaps understandably so. This article will explain what these accounts are, how they would work, and their tax implications, so that if the legislation passes, you can be informed on whether they fit into your family's financial future.

BerryDunn's Valuable Organizational Insights on Culture and Engagement (VOICE) assessment offers an evidence-based approach to measuring and enhancing employee engagement, helping leaders identify ways to cultivate a motivated, committed, and high-performing workforce. 

Newly appointed to lead BerryDunn’s Healthcare Practice Group, Lisa Trundy-Whitten is closely attuned to the healthcare industry. From challenges faced by healthcare organizations to the solutions BerryDunn’s experts can provide, Lisa shares her vision for the team as she takes the helm, as well as thoughtful insights for today’s healthcare leaders. 

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly woven into nonprofit operations, boards are stepping into a new and critical role. Traditionally focused on mission oversight and fiscal responsibility, today's boards must also shape how AI is introduced, governed, and aligned with the organization’s values. Below are the seven most important actions a board can take to ensure responsible and strategic AI implementation. 

For healthcare finance professionals, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a strategic imperative. With a strong implementation strategy, AI can be implemented to prevent and manage denials, reducing the financial and administrative pressures on an organization. 

The debate and negotiations over tax reform are taking shape in the United States Congress. The United States Senate is reviewing the ‘One Big Beautiful Bill Act’ (OBBBA) passed by the US House of Representatives in late May. The House-passed legislation contains meaningful tax reforms with potentially significant impact to businesses and individuals.

Credit, purchase, and debit cards each offer convenience for small-dollar purchases, but carry varying levels of risk. Strong internal controls are essential to prevent fraud, misuse, and compliance violations.

In the complex world of international trade, businesses are constantly seeking ways to optimize their supply chains and reduce costs. One often-overlooked strategy that can yield significant savings is the use of first sale declarations.  

Nonprofit leaders must assess the risks and strategically position their organizations to adapt to changing funding landscapes. This article outlines key steps to help your organization proactively evaluate funding vulnerabilities, mitigate risks, and plan for sustainable operations. 

CAPRA accreditation is more than a “stamp of approval” for parks and recreation agencies. It is the foundation of a well-run parks and recreation department, offering proof that an agency is operating at the highest standards. In a competitive municipal environment where funding is tight and priorities shift, accreditation gives departments the credibility they need to advocate for resources and drive innovation. 

Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) face a perfect storm—level grant funding, shrinking 340B drug pricing savings, and rising expenses. Staying sustainable requires identifying ways to maximize operations and revenue while controlling costs. That’s where site- and program-specific accounting become essential. 

The proposed “One Big Beautiful Bill Act” includes several provisions that would directly impact tax-exempt organizations. BerryDunn’s experts provide a breakdown of how the bill could affect nonprofits.

The proposed $880 billion cuts to Medicaid, along with recently imposed tariffs and funding freezes, have placed healthcare organizations directly in the crosshairs of federal funding reductions. The result is an unprecedented threat that would profoundly affect the financial stability of organizations providing care.

The US Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General has been actively enforcing healthcare compliance and fraud prevention in 2025. Are you ready? 

When it’s time to change auditors, it’s important to find a firm that feels like a long-term partner. Start by asking the right questions up front. 

With default federal student loan collections now resumed by the Department of Education, higher education institutions and other effected nonprofits need a strategy to ensure compliance. 

After an intense overnight session, the US House of Representatives narrowly passed the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" with a 215-214 vote, marking a significant milestone in fiscal policy reform. The bill, which now heads to the Senate for further consideration, proposes extensive tax changes alongside broader regulatory shifts. While House Republicans and the current administration champion the bill as a legislative victory, Democratic opposition remains strong, and modifications are expected before it reaches the president’s desk.

Public health agencies have a powerful opportunity to inspire the next generation of professionals to join the governmental workforce. To build a pipeline of committed talent, agencies must take proactive steps—establishing dynamic mentorship programs, creating hands-on internship opportunities, and sharing compelling success stories that highlight the profound impact and fulfillment of serving in public health.

The Supporting Affordability and Fairness with Every Bet (SAFE) Act is a proposed federal legislation aimed at establishing minimum standards for sports betting across the United States. The SAFE Bet Act aims to help ensure minimum standards at in place throughout the United States for responsible gambling, protection of consumers, and maintaining the integrity of sports betting.

In today's globalized economy, businesses face an ever-changing landscape of tariffs, trade policies, and international supply chain challenges. For companies navigating these complexities, foreign trade zones (FTZs) present a strategic opportunity to reduce costs, improve logistical efficiency, and enhance overall competitiveness. 

As hospitals strive to balance their budgets and sustain primary care, there are options for hospitals to take that could ease financial burdens while preserving provider presence in the communities they serve. This article explores actionable models and strategies to reimagine primary care delivery in a way that benefits both patients and hospital systems.

In today's rapidly evolving business landscape, boards of directors are more than just stewards of governance—they are the strategic compass guiding an organization toward enduring success. As the challenges facing companies grow increasingly complex, from disruptive technological trends to shifting societal expectations, the board's role has never been more critical. 

Nonprofit audit committees play a pivotal role in maintaining transparency and accountability. Their responsibilities include financial oversight, compliance, reporting guidelines, risk management, external audits, internal audits, and ethical standards. Have you ever wondered what kinds of questions the audit committee should be asking of management and each other? Consider the following list of sample questions as a starting place.

How often does a new category of lending open up for the banking industry? This could happen if Congress ends federal tax exemptions for interest earned on municipal (“muni”) bonds. While a final decision has not yet been made, Congress is debating this option as they decide how to handle expiring provisions of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.

Employee retention is crucial in construction, where turnover can delay projects, increase training costs, and reduce efficiency. Statistics show that turnover in construction is approximately 21.4%, and with the industry facing an estimated labor shortage of 430,000 workers as of 2023, retaining skilled workers is vital. Here, we’ll look at proven strategies, backed by industry data and case studies, that small to medium-sized construction companies can use to reduce turnover and improve employee satisfaction.

Digital accessibility is more than a legal requirement—it’s about ensuring everyone can access public services, regardless of ability. As government agencies increasingly move services online, compliance with accessibility standards like the ADA’s Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), EAA regulations, and Section 508 is essential. 

As new regulations take shape and tariff frameworks continue to change, importers must assess their compliance strategies with heightened scrutiny. One of the most critical components of this evaluation is transfer pricing. 

How does your nursing facility’s financial health stack up against industry peers? Benchmarking can provide you with the clear, relevant comparisons that are essential to measuring and optimizing your facility’s performance.

The construction industry presents some unique accounting and financial reporting requirements when it comes to construction work-in-progress (WIP) schedules. To keep a solid pulse on contract financial status and results, it is important that these schedules are accurate and up to date.

On March 28, 2025, the FDIC issued a Financial Institution Letter (FIL), which rescinds its prior notification requirement for financial institutions engaging in crypto-related activities, as established in FIL-16-2022. 

To address evolving threats and regulatory challenges, OCR has issued proposed modifications to the Security Rule, introducing stricter security controls, mandatory encryption requirements, and a shift away from “addressable” implementation specifications. While these changes aim to improve data security, they also introduce new compliance burdens that could be challenging for many regulated entities. 

In late 2024, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) launched a sweeping off-cycle mandate requiring all skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) in the United States to revalidate their Medicare provider enrollment record. Facilities of all types–including for-profit and not-for-profit–are affected.

For foster teens, the path to adulthood is uniquely challenging. As thousands of young adults age out of the foster care system each year, many child welfare agencies are searching for ways to better support them through this transition. According to Dr. Elizabeth Wynter, child welfare advocate and author of Follow the Love: Permanent Connections Scaffolding, the key is to build strong youth-adult partnerships. In a recent episode of BerryDunn’s Fresh Perspectives in Social Work podcast, Dr. Wynter and I discussed the need for a “connection scaffold” and offered insights on improving outcomes for foster youth. Here are five take-aways from our conversation.

In today's data-driven world, the ability to share information between Medicaid and Public Health Agencies (PHAs) is crucial for efficiently using limited resources to serve both individual patient and population health goals and priorities. Often, states already have the needed technology, but they don’t have the partnerships or workforce infrastructure to leverage existing investments across different agencies.

Public health is at a crossroads. With the lessons learned from COVID-19 and a workforce on the brink of burnout, now is the time for transformative action. By reimagining operations, infrastructure, and health equity, we can shape a system that’s responsive to future challenges.

If your organization is in the process of a large-scale project, such as replacing or implementing an electronic health record (EHR) system in the near future, success will depend on having a sound communication plan in effect before, during, and after the implementation. Fortunately, effective communication is not a difficult task to achieve. Based on our experience helping local governments implement EHR other systems nationwide, our team has developed five simple communication steps for successful implementations. 

Most nonprofits rely on federal and state government funds to fulfill their missions. With a federal funding freeze in the headlines, many clients are asking us how they can best prepare for a freeze and protect their organizations if funding is cut. Here are three steps you can take today to stay ahead. 

The end of 4Q 2024 marks the start of a new year. In the Valuation Group, the end of the calendar year brings us to one of our busiest times of year: “ESOP season.” During the first few months of the year, we perform annual valuations for 30+ ESOP clients.

For manufacturers in New England, the global trade environment has always played a significant role in shaping supply chain strategies and cost structures. With the current tariff landscape marked by rapid changes and adjustments due to ongoing trade negotiations and economic strategies, businesses must be ready to quickly reevaluate their pricing models and material cost standards to maintain profitability. 

As the new year begins, your organization may be starting to plan for your next fundraising event. In addition to raising money for the organization, fundraising events are a wonderful way to build relationships within the community, raise awareness for a cause, and provide a meaningful experience to donors. Beyond the excitement and benefits of these events, there are important Form 990 reporting and compliance requirements that you must consider. Below are the most frequently asked questions we receive from our clients. We hope this helps you avoid some common pitfalls around fundraising events.

Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, quantum computing, and augmented reality will redefine how society functions by 2035

The market approach is one of three different ways to estimate the value of a company. In its simplest form, the market approach is fairly straightforward. Below is a very basic model for how a valuation could be applied:

Like many male-dominated industries, construction workplaces are often aligned with traditional masculine values such as self-reliance and stoicism, which can encourage resistance to traditional well-being approaches. 

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has recently issued two significant Accounting Standards Updates (ASUs): ASU No. 2023-07 and ASU No. 2024-03. These updates aim to enhance the transparency and usefulness of financial disclosures for public business entities (PBEs) and are only applicable to PBEs.

Is your nonprofit using a break-even bottom line as your ultimate budget goal? If so, you may be missing out on opportunities to strategically further your mission. By looking at your budget using a statement of financial position perspective, rather than just a profit and loss perspective, you can gain a more complete financial picture of your organization.

As organizations navigate the complexities ahead in 2025, economic uncertainty presents both challenges and opportunities. Organizations must strategically address financial stability, donor engagement, federal compliance requirements, and workforce management to sustain their missions. This article dives into five critical finance trends and explores how nonprofits can effectively adapt.

The housing industry is subject to ongoing regulatory changes that are critical to their operations. Recently, we shared changes impacting compliance for multifamily housing, but that's just one example; all facets of the industry are subject to ongoing changes to compliance.

Effective January 1, 2025, qualifying businesses in all Maine jurisdictions will be eligible for a generous, refundable credit while simultaneously investing in their business.

What Medicaid agencies and Medicaid-participating managed care organizations need to know about best practices for adhering to federal Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnostic, and Treatment (EPSDT) Requirements.

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) issued the final rule for the PPS for SNFs for FY 2025 which was published in the Federal Register on August 6, 2024, the regulations in this rule are effective October 1, 2024.

On November 6, 2024, members of the BerryDunn financial services team joined bankers and board members throughout the state of Maine at the annual Maine Bankers Association FDIC Directors’ College in Augusta, Maine. Here are our key takeaways from the event:

The election created a sense of anxiety and uncertainty among many people for a variety of reasons. One such concern was around how the election would affect business value.

The revenue cycle is an intricate system involving interdependent functions. Like an ecosystem, each component plays an important role. To optimize your revenue cycle, it helps to understand these four components of the ecosystem and the roles they play.

This article explores the current trends in banking fraud, highlighting traditional schemes, emerging threats, and effective preventive measures.

In this guide, we’ll explore the key benefits of the REAP Grant, explain who should consider applying, and highlight the important tax implications to help you make informed decisions about whether this program is right for your business.

These 7 success factors address the essential aspects of an economic development strategy––a roadmap for your community to encourage economic growth, create jobs, and improve the quality of life.

On July 25, 2024, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) issued its 2023 Annual Report on the Interim Inspection Program Related to Audits of Brokers and Dealers. The PCAOB can essentially be considered “the auditor of the auditor” and thus performs various inspections of audit firms that conduct broker-dealer audits on an annual basis.

The COVID-19 pandemic taught our public health systems a number of critical lessons about how we should engage, communicate, partner, and share data with other agencies and our communities. It also reinforced the importance of applying an intentional health equity lens to the system to better support vulnerable communities in times of crisis.  

The implementation of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which has been in effect since 2018 for broker-dealers, has had a profound impact on financial reporting across various industries. For broker-dealers, the adoption of this standard has introduced new challenges and considerations in recognizing revenue accurately and in accordance with the principles outlined in ASC 606.  

Your parks and recreation master plan was created with the goals and values of your community at its core. It’s part of what makes your community a great place to live, work, and play. It’s also a living document, designed to meet both current and future community needs—and to evolve as those needs change.

We often see broker-dealers receive 12b-1 fees in the course of ordinary business. With these fees, we often see the broker-dealer acting as a pass-through, retaining these fees on its balance sheet until the ultimate payee requests such funds, typically for payment or reimbursement of expenses that are permissible to be paid from 12b-1 fees, as outlined in the distribution agreement. These fees can often be substantial and result in significant receivables on the broker-dealer’s balance sheet.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems provide a shared platform for people in your organization to work together––and the benefits can be game-changing. 

The SECURE Acts made several changes to 401(k) and 403(b) plan requirements. Among those changes is a change to the permissible minimum service requirements.

One of the key strategies to making the patient check-in process a good experience for patients, while also gathering the most important information for billing, is to have clear scripts for your patient access staff. 

In April 2024, the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) issued GASB Statement No. 103, Financial Reporting Model Improvements.

A more popular addition to Medicaid Enterprise System Conference (MESC) discussions this year was AI, and attendees expressed both fear and excitement over its potential to tactically support the enterprise.

If it’s been a while since your nonprofit organization last conducted a review of its governing documents and policies, worry not, you’re not alone! This article will highlight a few of the most critical documents applicable to nonprofits to ensure you remain in compliance and good standing.

How should a business owner, management team, or investor estimate the value of its company? There are a variety of methods available in the world of business valuation. Let’s discuss the pros and cons of using a common financial metric in the assessment of a business’s value: Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization (EBITDA).

If there’s one thing that was clear at the recent Medicaid Enterprise Systems Conference (MESC) in Louisville, it is that CMS is focused on meaningful enterprise planning, meaningful outcome definitions, and meaningful data from State Medicaid Agencies (SMAs) to illustrate trends throughout every phase of the IT life cycle and the benefit to Medicaid beneficiaries.

Although summertime is a generally slower time for the valuation team, we’ve seen a notable increase in M&A activity. Transactional activity often follows interest rate trends. We’ve seen activity pick up significantly in the last nine months under the current stable interest rate environment. As rates drop, more deals are sure to follow.

For larger educational institutions that can receive hundreds of such disclosable donations in a given year, the Schedule B reporting onus can become downright brutal. However, there is a special rule available for Schedule B reporting that could greatly reduce that requirement. Fundraising and Development departments rejoice!

To help public health state agencies target budget and fiscal management training needs for their workforce, a comprehensive assessment can be utilized to examine four domains of administrative management activities with a focus on financial management.

At first glance, the healthcare patient check-in process seems straightforward. But when examined through the lens of your revenue cycle and patient experience, it’s one of the most important interactions for your team to get right.

Non-profit financial statements include a wealth of important knowledge but can often be overwhelming. When sharing your financial statements with your board of directors or other stakeholders, it can be useful to simplify your statements so the key information stands out and unimportant information doesn’t cause confusion.

Parks and recreation agencies, like any public-serving organization, have an obligation to equally serve all members of their communities. But knowing that something must be done is not the same thing as knowing how to approach it. As heard in a recent episode of the “Let’s Talk Parks with BerryDunn” podcast, host Becky Dunlap spoke with Meredith Tekin, President of the International Board of Credentialing and Continuing Education Standards (IBCCES), and Lane Gram, Manager for Parks and Recreation in Gilbert, Arizona, about how the town is undertaking the endeavor of making their parks and facilities accessible and enjoyable for all.

In February 2024, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) released a 2024 Edition of the Uniform Audit & Accounting (A&A) Guide, which supersedes the 2016 edition. The guide is a tool for architectural and engineering (A/E) firms calculating and reporting overhead rates to state transportation departments (DOTs), and to guide state DOT auditors and public accounting firms in performing audits of A/E firms’ indirect cost schedules.  

The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) signed the Housing Opportunity through Modernization Act (HOTMA) into law on July 29, 2016. For multifamily housing owners, HOTMA went into effect on January 1, 2024, and owners are expected to be fully compliant by January 1, 2025.

To stay competitive in the recruitment and retention of employees, employers need to stay abreast of the current well-being trends—the ones that have the potential to move the needle in creating a thriving, healthy workforce.

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has temporarily paused the Program for Comparative Billing Reports (CBRs) and Evaluating Payment Patterns Electronic Report (PEPPERs). During this pause, which is expected to end in the fall of 2024, CMS will be improving and updating the program.

In November 2023, the US Department of Labor’s Employee Benefits Security Administration (EBSA) issued its fourth assessment of the quality of audit work performed by independent qualified public accountants. Here are our five key takeaways.

Did you receive an Employee Retention Credit (ERC) that you now believe you were ineligible for? Since the ERC was announced, many ineligible claims have been filed, due to a variety of reasons, including companies working with ERC vendors that either did not understand the complexities or were not providing the due diligence necessary to ensure that the applications were complete and accurate.

Early-stage startups must often contemplate the most practical way to raise capital for their business. If traditional debt and equity methods are not available, different avenues to raising capital must be considered. Here are four alternatives to traditional debt and equity transactions:

The Corporate Transparency Act (CTA) was enacted into law by Congress on January 1, 2021, as part of the National Defense Authorization Act. The CTA mandates that every foreign or domestic entity registered to do business in the United States disclose Beneficial Ownership Information (BOI) beginning in 2024.

On December 20, 2023, the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) issued a technical correction with the calculation of the Current Expected Credit Loss (CECL) transition amount.

A SOC report can be an invaluable tool in helping you gain confidence about your service providers.

With the rapid growth of Medicare Advantage (MA) plans in the last several years, many hospitals are struggling to effectively manage the financial and operational challenges of these plans, including:

  • Increased denials of Medicare Advantage claims
  • Confusion between Medicare, supplemental Medicare plans, and Medicare Advantage (Part C) plans, and what each cover
  • Extra burden of “shadow billing” inpatient claims and leaving potential reimbursement off the table if not done correctly
  • Compliance risk, including the risk of Medicare fraud

Derivatives can be used to hedge against a company’s exposure to a particular risk, whether that be the purchase price of materials or equipment, the selling price of a product a company has already purchased the materials to produce, or a variable rate of interest on debt.   

Staff turnover can present a number of challenges for independent schools. When staff turnover in your business office occurs, there are serious matters related to financial risk that you should consider.  

Owners of rental property who receive assistance from the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) through debt financing or tenant rent subsidies for affordable housing are subject to specific reporting and compliance requirements. It’s important to know and understand these requirements in order to be ready for audits, maintain compliance, and continue to receive funding. Here are three of the most complex requirements that anyone receiving funding from HUD needs to be aware of and have a process in place to help ensure compliance.  

In the realm of gaming and sports betting, maintaining proper security, privacy, and operational integrity are crucial in providing assurance to all parties involved. In such a heavily regulated industry, it is essential that sportsbook providers have the resources and professional advice needed for obtaining and maintaining compliance.

As we put a bow on another Medicaid Enterprise Systems Conference (MESC), I want to express my thanks to the New England States Consortium Systems Organization (NESCSO), the State of Colorado, and the City of Denver for hosting a fantastic event.

We’ve all heard stories about organizations spending thousands on software projects that take longer than expected to implement and exceed original budgets. One of the reasons this occurs is that organizations often don’t realize that purchasing a large, commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) system is a significant undertaking.

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) issued the Final Rule for the PPS for SNFs for FY 2024, which was published in the Federal Register on August 7, 2023. The regulations in this rule are effective October 1, 2023, except certain amendments, which are effective January 1, 2024. 

There’s a good chance that your organization is being forced to do more with less under the strain of budget constraints and competing initiatives. It’s a matter of survival. 

Executive compensation, bonuses, and other cost structure items, such as rent, are often contentious issues in business valuations, as business valuations are often valued by reference to the income they produce. If the business being valued pays its employees an above-market rate, for example, its income will be depressed. Accordingly, if no adjustments are made, the value of the business will also be diminished.

Across all industries, organizations are struggling to attract and retain the employees needed to provide services to their communities. From local governments to retail outlets to…well, just about everyone.

In the latest episode of the Let’s Talk Parks with BerryDunn podcast, we discussed the topic of retaining all-star employees as it relates to Parks and Recreation Departments who are struggling to maintain community services due to staffing levels. The conversation with my colleagues Nikki Ginger and Barbara Heller and our guests Nicole Falceto and Fernando Avellanet from the Loudoun County (Virginia) Parks, Recreation and Community Services Department uncovered tangible and actionable strategies that any type of organization can use to start the process of improving their organizational culture to better retain staff.

Organizational change is hard. And necessary. And manageable.

You know your organization needs to change – to develop a better culture, to enhance efficiencies, or to improve outcomes. But where do you start?

In our most recent episodes of the Fresh Perspectives in Social Work Podcast, I had a conversation about this subject with organizational development experts Megan Clough, Manager with the State Government Practice Group at BerryDunn, and Jennifer Kerr, Director of Organizational Effectiveness at American Public Human Services Association (APHSA).

At BerryDunn, our healthcare consulting teams have worked with hundreds of organizations as they’ve transitioned to new enterprise systems such as Electronic Health Records (EHR) systems and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. Based on our experience, there are 10 key areas to focus on in order to have a successful conversion.   

It can be challenging and stressful to plan for technology initiatives, especially those that involve and impact every area of your organization. 

Do you have a CEO succession plan? If not, you need to create one now.

This article is the first in a series to help employee benefit plan fiduciaries better understand their responsibilities and manage the risks of non-compliance with ERISA requirements.

Follow these six steps to help your senior living organization improve cash flow, decrease days in accounts receivable, and reduce write offs. 

As we find ourselves in a fast-moving, strong business growth environment, there is no better time to consider the controls needed to enhance your IT security as you implement new, high-demand technology and software to allow your organization to thrive and grow. Here are five risks you need to take care of if you want to build or maintain strong IT security.

In light of the recent cyberattacks in higher education across the US, more and more institutions are finding themselves no longer immune to these activities. Security by obscurity is no longer an effective approach—all institutions are potential targets. Colleges and universities must take action to ensure processes and documentation are in place to prepare for and respond appropriately to a potential cybersecurity incident.

This is the second blog post in the blog series: “Procuring Agile vs. Non-Agile Service”. Read the first blog. This blog post demonstrates the differences in Stage 1: Plan Project in the five stages of procuring agile vs. non-agile services.

Measuring performance of Medicaid Enterprise Systems (MES) is emerging as the next logical step in modularizing Medicaid programs. As CMS continues to refine and implement outcomes-based modular certification, it is critical that states adapt to this next step in order to continue to meet CMS funding requirements.

On June 18, 2019, the State of Maine enacted Legislative Document 1819, House Paper 1296, An Act to Harmonize State Income Tax Law and the Centralized Partnership Audit Rules of the Federal Internal Revenue Code of 1986

Planning and development service fees are, for many municipalities, often discussed but rarely changed. There are a number of reasons you might need to consider or defend your fee structure―complaints from developers, rising costs of operation, and changes in code or process are just a few.

Patient Driven Payment Model (PDPM) implementation is less than three months away. Is your facility ready for admissions under PDPM? The way you think about admissions and the admission process will change under PDPM.

Proposed House bill brings state income tax standards to the digital age

On June 3, 2019, the US House of Representatives introduced H.R. 3063, also known as the Business Activity Tax Simplification Act of 2019, which seeks to modernize tax laws for the sale of personal property, and clarify physical presence standards for state income tax nexus as it applies to services and intangible goods. But before we can catch up on today, we need to go back in time—great Scott!

As the Project Management Body of Knowledge® (PMBOK®) explains, organizations fall along a structure and reporting spectrum. On one end of this spectrum are functional organizations, in which people report to their functional managers. (For example, Finance staff report to a Finance director.) On the other end of this spectrum are projectized organizations, in which people report to a project manager. Toward the middle of the spectrum lie hybrid—or matrix—organizations, in which reporting lines are fairly complex; e.g., people may report to both functional managers and project managers. 

As your organization works to modernize and improve your Medicaid Enterprise System (MES), are you using independent verification and validation (IV&V) to your advantage? Does your relationship with your IV&V provider help you identify high-risk project areas early, or provide you with an objective view of the progress and quality of your MES modernization initiative? Maybe your experience hasn’t shown you the benefits of IV&V. 

The IRS announced plans to conduct examinations of the universal availability requirements for 403(b) plans (Plans) this summer. Noncompliance with these requirements results in operational errors for Plans―ultimately requiring correction. Plan sponsors should review their Plans for proper inclusion and exclusion of employees. Such review can help you avoid costly penalties if the IRS does conduct an examination and uncovers an issue with the Plan’s implementation of universal availability.

Best practices for financial institution contracts with technology providers

As the financial services sector moves in an increasingly digital direction, you cannot overstate the need for robust and relevant information security programs. Financial institutions place more reliance than ever on third-party technology vendors to support core aspects of their business, and in turn place more reliance on those vendors to meet the industry’s high standards for information security. These include those in the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, Sarbanes Oxley 404, and regulations established by the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC).

What is the difference in how government organizations procure agile vs. non-agile information technology (IT) services?

Focus on the people: How higher ed institutions can successfully make an ERP system change

The enterprise resource planning (ERP) system is the heart of an institution’s business, maintaining all aspects of day-to-day operations, from student registration to staff payroll. Many institutions have used the same ERP systems for decades and face challenges to meet the changing demands of staff and students. As new ERP vendors enter the marketplace with new features and functionality, institutions are considering a change. Some things to consider.

LIBOR is leaving—is your financial institution ready to make the most of it?

In July 2017, the UK’s Financial Conduct Authority announced the phasing out of the London Interbank Offered Rate, commonly known as LIBOR, by the end of 20211. With less than two years to go, US federal regulators are urging financial institutions to start assessing their LIBOR exposure and planning their transition. Here we offer some general impacts of the phasing out, specific actions your institution can take to prepare, and, finally, some background on how we got here (see Background at right).

Who has the time or resources to keep tabs on everything that everyone in an organization does? No one. Therefore, you naturally need to trust (at least on a certain level) the actions and motives of various personnel. At the top of your “trust level” are privileged users—such as system and network administrators and developers—who keep vital systems, applications, and hardware up and running.

Law enforcement, courts, prosecutors, and corrections personnel provide many complex, seemingly limitless services. Seemingly is the key word here, for in reality these personnel provide a set number of incredibly important services.

“The world is one big data problem,” says MIT scientist and visionary Andrew McAfee.

That’s a daunting (though hardly surprising) quote for many in data-rich sectors, including higher education. Yet blaming data is like blaming air for a malfunctioning wind turbine. Data is a valuable asset that can make your institution move.

Best Practices for Educating Your Financial Institution’s Board of Directors on Cybersecurity

According to Cybersecurity Ventures, cybercrime will account for $6 trillion annually by 2021—that’s more than the global trade of all major illegal drugs combined.  Data breaches and other information security events adversely impact organizations through significant losses in revenue, erosion of customer trust, substantial remediation costs, increased insurance premiums, and more.

Not-for-profit board members need to wear many hats for the organization they serve. Every board member begins their term with a different set of skills, often chosen specifically for those unique abilities. As board members, we often assist the organization in raising money and as such, it is important for all members of the board to be fluent in the language of fundraising. Here are some basic definitions you need to know, and the differences between them

On October 1, 2019, the Medicare Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF) payment system will transition from RUGS-IV to the Patient Driven Payment Model. This payment model is a major change from the way SNFs are currently reimbursed.

Of all the changes that came with the sweeping Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) in late 2017, none has prompted as big a response from our clients as the changes TCJA makes to the qualified parking deduction.

In auditing, the concept of professional skepticism is ubiquitous. Just as a Jedi in Star Wars is constantly trying to hone his understanding of the “force”, an auditor is constantly crafting his or her ability to apply professional skepticism. 

The existing case mix classification group, Resource Utilization Group IV (RUG- IV) will be replaced with a new case mix model, the Patient Driven Payment Model (PDPM). CMS has indicated factors leading to the change in the payment system include over utilization of therapy and incentives for longer lengths of stay.

Good fundraising and good accounting do not always seamlessly align. While they all feed the same mission, fundraisers work to meet revenue goals while accountants focus on recording transactions in compliance with accounting standards. 

Your government agency just signed the contract to purchase and implement a shiny new commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software to replace your aging legacy software. The project plan and schedule are set; the vendor is ready to begin configuration and customization tasks; and your team is eager to start the implementation process.

A common pitfall for inbound sellers is applying the same concepts used to adopt “no tax” positions made for federal income tax purposes to determinations concerning sales and use tax compliance. Although similar conceptually, separate analyses are required for each determination.

As 2018 is about to come to a close, organizations with fiscal year ends after December 15, 2018, are poised to start implementing the new not-for-profit reporting standard. Here are three areas to address before the close of the fiscal year to set your organization up for a smooth and successful transition, and keep in compliance:

It’s that time of year. Kids have gone back to school, the leaves are changing color, the air is getting crisp and… year-end tax planning strategies are front of mind! 

Reading through the 133-page exposure draft for the Proposed Statement on Auditing Standards (SAS) Forming an Opinion and Reporting on Financial Statements of Employee Benefit Plans Subject to ERISA, issued back in April 2017, and then comparing it to the final 100+ page standard approved in September 2018, may not sound like a fun way to spend a Sunday morning sipping a coffee (or three), but I disagree.

I leaned out of my expansive corner office (think: cubicle) and asked my coworker Andrew about an interesting topic I had been thinking about. “Hey Andrew, do you know what BATNA stands for?” I asked. 

State governments regularly negotiate contracts with vendors. Unfortunately, these negotiations are often prolonged, which can have major downstream effects on projects, procurements, and implementations—including skewed timelines, delayed milestones, and increased costs. 

With the wind down of the Federal Perkins Loan Program and announcement that the Federal Capital Contribution (FCC) (the federal funds contributed to the loan program over time) will begin to be repaid, higher education institutions must now decide how to handle these outstanding loans.

Reflecting on this year's National Academy for State Health Policy (NASHP) Conference in Jacksonville, Florida, I am amazed by all the recent healthcare innovations, which are resulting in policies with real and positive effects on health outcomes.

Modernization means different things to different people—especially in the context of state government. For some, it is the cause of a messy chain reaction that ends (at best) in frustration and inefficiency. For others, it is the beneficial effect of a thoughtful and well-planned series of steps. 

Truly effective preventive health interventions require starting early, as evidenced by the large body of research and the growing federal focus on the role of Medicaid in addressing Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) and Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs).

Last week, in addition to The Eagles Greatest Hits (1971-1975) album becoming the highest selling album of all time, overtaking Michael Jackson’s Thriller, the IRS issued Notice 2018-67—its first formal guidance on Internal Revenue Code Section 512(a)(6).

As I head home from a fabulous week at the 2018 Medicaid Enterprise Systems Conference (MESC), I am reflecting on my biggest takeaways. Do we have the information we need to effectively move into the next 12 months of work in the Medicaid space? My initial reaction is YES!

Here we go again! With the 2018 Medicaid Enterprise System Conference (MESC) underway, we have another Medicaid Enterprise Certification Toolkit (MECT) Release. On July 31, 2018, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) issued the MECT Version 2.3.

Is your state Medicaid agency considering a Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Section 1115 Waiver to fight the opioid epidemic in your state? States want the waiver because it provides flexibility to test different approaches to finance and deliver Medicaid services.

Are you struggling to improve business outcomes through modifications to your software solutions? If so, then you have no doubt tried — or are trying — traditional software implementation approaches. Yet, these methods can overwhelm staff, require strong project management, and consume countless hours (and dollars).

By now, you know all about the new corporate tax rate — a flat rate of 21% vs. the previous top tax rate of 35% — arguably the most publicized change of the recently passed Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA).

For over four years the business community has been discussing the impact Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, will have on financial reporting. As you evaluate the impact this standard will have on a manufacturers’ financial reporting practices, there are certain provisions of ASC 606 you should consider.

When an organization wants to select and implement a new software solution, the following process typically occurs:

People are naturally resistant to change. Employees facing organizational change that will impact day-to-day operations are no exception, and they can feel threatened or fearful of what that change will bring. Even more challenging are multiyear initiatives where the project’s completion is years away.

Cost increases and labor issues have contributed to the rise of outsourcing as an option for senior living and health care providers.  While outsourcing of all types is a growing trend — from the C-suite to food service, it is a decision that should be considered carefully, as lack of planning could result in significant long-lasting financial, public relations and personnel losses. 

The day-to-day work of providing government services involves collecting, using, and storing large amounts of data. The data that government agencies accumulate is a critical asset — it holds answers about which programs perform best, which interventions are most effective, and how to improve service delivery. 

Over the course of its day-to-day operations, every organization acquires, stores, and transmits Protected Health Information (PHI), including names, email addresses, phone numbers, account numbers, and social security numbers.

The recent Tax Cuts and Jobs Act includes many sweeping tax law changes, some of which left taxpayers scrambling at the end of 2017 to maximize tax saving opportunities. While the dust settles on tax reform at the federal level, the whirlwind at the state level is just beginning, with many unanswered questions.

Texting has become a simple, convenient, and entrenched component of our everyday lives. We use it with family, friends, coworkers—and clients. My wife and I text to coordinate day care pickup and drop off of our kids every day.

We know, both from our experience as external auditors (all of us) and years of experience working in private sector firms (many of us), that changing audit firms can be a painful process. NOTE: if you’re a current BerryDunn client, feel free to stop reading here.

Success is slippery and can be evasive, even on the simplest of projects. Grasping it grows harder during lengthier and more complex undertakings, such as enterprise-wide technology projects—and requires incorporating a variety of short- and long-term strategies. 

When it comes to IT security, more than one CEO running a small organization has told me they have really good people taking care of “all that.” These CEOs choose to believe their people perform good practices. 

In a previous blog post, “Six Steps to Gain Speed on Collections”, we discussed the importance of regular reviews of long-term care facility financial performance indicators and benchmarks, and suggestions to speed up collections. 

Is your organization a service provider that hosts or supports sensitive customer data, (e.g., personal health information (PHI), personally identifiable information (PII))? 

The relationship between people, processes, and technology is as elemental as earth—and older than civilization. From the first sharpened rock to the Internet of Things, the three have been crucially intertwined and interdependent. 

After working with state health policy for seven years and Medicaid for 16, I had the opportunity for the first time to attend the 30th Annual National Association of State Health Policy (NASHP) Conference on October 23–25, 2017. Here are my top three takeaways.

The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines leadership as having the capacity to lead. Though modest in theory, the concept of leadership permeates all industries and is a building block for every organization’s success. 

As more state and local government workers enter retirement, state and local agencies are becoming more dependent on millennial workers — the largest and most educated generation of workers in American history. But there is a serious gap between supply and demand.

The MESC “B’more for healthcare innovation” is now behind us. This annual Medicaid conference is a great marker of time, and we remember each by location: St. Louis, Des Moines, Denver, Charleston… and now, Baltimore. 

Today’s senior living providers must ensure that their mission and vision for the future are built on a healthy financial plan and structure. Here are some things you should know to build just that.

While GASB has been talking about split-interest agreements for a long time (the proposal first released in June of 2015, with GASB Statement No. 81, Irrevocable Split-Interest Agreements released in March of 2016), time is quickly running out for a well-planned implementation.

Because we’ve been through this process many times, we’ve learned a few lessons and determined some best practices. Here are some tips to help you promote a positive post go-live experience.

Some days, social media seems nothing more than a blur of easily forgettable memes. Yet certain memes keep reappearing to the point where we have no choice but to remember them. 

We all know them. In fact, you might be one of them — people who worry the words “go live” will lead to job loss (theirs). This feeling is not entirely irrational. 

Recently the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) finished its Governmental Accounting Research System (GARS), a full codification of governmental accounting standards.

On June 16th the FASB issued the final standard for credit losses. We’ve analyzed the new standard and pulled together some key items you’ll need to know:

As the technology we use for work and at home becomes increasingly intertwined, security issues that affect one also affect the other and we must address security risks at both levels.

In July 2016, we wrote about how the booming microbrewery scene in Maine is shaking up the three-tier system of alcohol distribution, which dates back to the 1930s.

As we begin the second year of Uniform Guidance, here’s what we’ve learned from year one, and some strategies you can use to approach various challenges, all told from a runner's point of view.

During my lunch in sunny Florida while traveling for business, enjoying a nice reprieve from another cold Maine winter, I checked my social media account.

When last we blogged about the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (FASB) new “current expected credit losses” (CECL) model for estimating an allowance for loan and lease losses (ALLL), we reviewed the process for developing reasonable and supportable forecasts for use in establishing the ALLL. 

Government projects conducted in challenging conditions require trust, collaboration, communication, and project management acumen to succeed. Here are five recommendations for project success.

Recently, federal banking regulators released an interagency financial institution letter on CECL, in the form of a Q&A. Read it here

Electronic accessibility in every aspect of modern life has increased ten-fold, but government — and courts in particular — has been slow to follow.

When it comes to offering non-qualified deferred compensation to executives of not-for-profit organizations, there aren’t many options.

By now, pretty much everyone in the banking industry has heard plenty of talk about CECL – the forthcoming “Current Expected Credit Loss” model of accounting for an institution’s allowance for loan losses (ALL).

Financial fraud by the numbers. In a June 2016 Gallup poll, 72 percent of respondents said they had “very little” or only “some” confidence in banks.

By now you have heard that the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (FASB) answer to the criticism the incurred-loss model for accounting for the allowance for loan and lease losses faced during the financial crisis has been released in its final form. 

With the implementation of GASB 72 now in full force, GASB organizations are hard at work drafting their new fair value disclosures. The addition of a fair value hierarchy table in the footnotes will add a bit more thickness to a likely already hefty financial package. 

There is plenty of media coverage of Maine’s, and specifically Portland’s, burgeoning microbrew scene. It’s good economic development and complements the already established “foodie” scene Portland is renowned for.

Online banking? Check. Online shopping? You bet. Online permit application submittal? What? Actually, yes. As Americans are becoming more and more accustomed to performing everyday functions online, local governments are evolving and keeping up with the times. This online evolution is coming in the form of implementing modern enterprise applications with electronic workflow and a public-facing portal that allows residents to apply for permits, submit documentation, pay for, and collaborate with local government staff to perform a variety of processes.

Why it can happen to you and how to protect yourself. We’ve all seen the headlines. Stories about not-for-profit fraud have been popping up in the news, and the statistics confirm what you might have suspected: fraud in the not-for-profit sector is on the rise.

Who this applies to: Read this article if your organization receives charitable donations. 

As summer gives way to autumn and year-end draws closer, many individuals turn their attention to charitable giving. With donations often increasing during this time of year, we want to share some best practices and considerations to help nonprofit organizations navigate the season of giving.

Donor acknowledgment letters

It is important for organizations receiving gifts to consider the following guidelines, as doing some work now may save you time (and maybe a fine or two) later.

Charitable (i.e., 501(c)(3)) organizations are required to provide a timely donor acknowledgment letter to all donors who contribute $250 or more to the organization, whether it be cash or non-cash items (e.g., publicly traded securities, real estate, artwork, vehicles) received. The letter should include the following:

  • Name of the organization
  • Amount of cash contribution
  • Description of non-cash items (but not the value)
  • Statement that no goods and services were provided (assuming this is the case)
  • Description and good faith estimate of the value of goods and services provided by the organization in return for the contribution

Additionally, when a donor makes a payment greater than $75 to a charitable organization partly as a contribution and partly as a payment for goods and services, a disclosure statement is required to notify the donor of the value of the goods and services received in order for the donor to determine the charitable contribution component of their payment.

If a charitable organization receives noncash donations, it may be asked to sign Form 8283. This form is required to be filed by the donor and included with their personal income tax return. If a donor contributes noncash property (excluding publicly traded securities) valued at over $5,000, the organization will need to sign Form 8283, Section B, Part IV, acknowledging receipt of the noncash item(s) received.

For noncash items such as cars, boats, and even airplanes that are donated, there is a separate Form 1098-C, Contributions of Motor Vehicles, Boats, and Airplanes, which the donee organization must file. A copy of the Form 1098-C is provided to the donor and acts as acknowledgment of the gift. For more information, you can read our article on donor acknowledgments.

Gifts to employees

Many employers also find themselves in a giving spirit, wishing to reward employees for another year of hard work. While this generosity is well-intended, gifts to employees can be fraught with potential tax consequences organizations should be aware of. Here’s what you need to know about the rules on employee gifts:

First and foremost, the IRS is very clear that cash and cash equivalents (specifically gift cards) are always included as taxable income when provided by the employer, regardless of amount, with no exceptions. This means that if you plan to give your employees cash or a gift card this year, the value must be included in the employees’ wages and is subject to all payroll taxes.

There are, however, a few ways to make nontaxable gifts to employees. IRS Publication 15 offers a variety of examples of de minimis (minimal) benefits, defined as any property or service you provide to an employee that has a minimal value, making the accounting for it unreasonable and administratively impracticable. Examples include holiday or birthday gifts, like flowers, a fruit basket, or occasional tickets for theater or sporting events.

Additionally, holiday gifts can also be nontaxable if they are in the form of a gift coupon and if given for a specific item (with no redeemable cash value). A common example would be issuing a coupon to your employee for a free holiday ham or turkey redeemable at the local grocery store. For more information, please see our article on employee gifts.

Other year-end filing requirements

As the end of the calendar year approaches, it is also important to start thinking about Form 1099 filing requirements. There are various 1099 forms, including 1099-INT to report interest income, 1099-DIV to report dividend income, 1099-NEC to report nonemployee compensation, and 1099-MISC to report other miscellaneous income.

Form 1099-NEC reports non-employment income, which is not included on a W-2. Organizations must issue 1099-NECs to payees (there are some exclusions) who receive at least $2,000 in non-employment income during the calendar year. This $2,000 threshold is new for 2026—up from the previous $600 limit, which was in place for years. In future years, the threshold will be increased annually (adjusted for inflation). A non-employee may be an independent contractor or a person hired on a contract basis to complete work, such as a graphic designer. Payments to attorneys or CPAs for services rendered that exceed $2,000 for the tax year must be reported on a Form 1099-NEC. However, a 1099-MISC would be sent to an attorney for payments of settlements. For additional questions on which 1099 form to use, please contact your tax advisor.

While federal income tax is not always required to be withheld, there are some instances when it is. If a payee does not furnish their Tax Identification Number (TIN) to the organization, then the organization is required to withhold taxes on payments reported in box 1 of Form 1099-NEC. There are other instances, and the rates can differ, so if you have questions, please reach out to your tax advisor. 1099 forms are due to the recipient and the IRS by January 31.

While the seasons may change, tax reporting and compliance remain reliably consistent. We hope the information above is helpful to organizations as we approach the year's end. As always, BerryDunn’s nonprofit tax team is ready to offer support and guidance. 

Article
Preparing for year-end: Tax and giving reminders for nonprofits

Who this applies to: CFOs, controllers, finance directors, HR directors, benefits administrators, and plan administrators at employers that sponsor 403(b) plans using pre-approved documents.

The IRS has established a critical compliance deadline for 403(b) plan sponsors: all pre-approved 403(b) plan documents must be restated under Cycle 2 no later than December 31, 2026. Failure to meet this deadline could jeopardize a plan’s tax-advantaged status—creating significant operational, financial, and fiduciary risk. 

While the requirement itself is not new, many plan sponsors have not yet begun the restatement process. As year-end approaches, capacity constraints at document providers, recordkeepers, and advisors may create bottlenecks. Acting now will help ensure timely compliance and avoid last-minute complications.

Why the Cycle 2 restatement matters 

The IRS requires periodic restatements of pre-approved 403(b) plans to incorporate: 

  • Legislative and regulatory changes 
  • IRS guidance issued since the prior cycle 
  • Updates to plan language and operational requirements 

The Cycle 2 restatement reflects changes since the first remedial amendment cycle for 403(b) plans, including updates related to hardship distributions, loan rules, and required minimum distributions, among others. 

Importantly, this restatement is not optional—it is a condition of maintaining the plan’s qualified status under Internal Revenue Code Section 403(b).

Who is affected?

This requirement applies to employers sponsoring 403(b) plans that use pre-approved plan documents, including: 

  • Public schools and educational organizations 
  • Tax-exempt organizations under IRC Section 501(c)(3) 
  • Certain ministers and church-related organizations (depending on document structure) 

If your plan is individually designed, different rules may apply—but most 403(b) plans today utilize pre-approved document formats. 

Key action steps for plan sponsors

To help ensure compliance ahead of the December 31, 2026 deadline, we recommend the following steps:

1. Confirm your plan document type 

Determine whether your 403(b) plan uses a pre-approved document (vs. individually designed). 

  • If you are unsure, consult with your recordkeeper, third-party administrator (TPA), or ERISA counsel. 
  • This step is critical, as the Cycle 2 requirement specifically applies to pre-approved plans. 

2. Review the Cycle 2 restated document 

Once your provider issues the updated plan document: 

  • Review the restated provisions carefully. 
  • Pay close attention to operational changes that may affect plan administration or participant eligibility. 
  • Coordinate with your advisor to understand any new responsibilities or compliance considerations. 

3. Adopt the restated plan by December 31, 2026 

Formal adoption must occur by the IRS deadline: 

  • Execution typically requires an authorized employer representative. 
  • Late adoption may require correction under the IRS Employee Plans Compliance Resolution System (EPCRS), which can involve additional cost and administrative burden. 

4. Retain the executed document 

Maintain a fully signed copy of the restated plan document: 

  • Store it with your permanent plan records in your ERISA file
  • Ensure it is accessible for auditors, regulators, or internal governance reviews. 

5. Distribute an updated Summary Plan Description (SPD) 

An updated SPD reflecting the restated plan provisions: 

  • Must be provided to participants within 210 days following plan adoption.
  • Should clearly communicate plan terms in a participant-friendly format.

6. Communicate material changes 

If the restatement introduces material changes impacting participant rights or benefits: 

  • Provide clear and timely communication to participants. 
  • Consider targeted messaging to affected populations. 
  • Align communications with fiduciary best practices for transparency. 

Avoiding year-end capacity constraints 

A key practical consideration for 2026 is vendor capacity. Historically, plan sponsors that wait until the fourth quarter to begin restatement: 

  • Experience delays in receiving documents 
  • Encounter limited availability from TPAs and advisors 
  • Risk missing the adoption deadline 

Starting the process early allows for: 

  • Thorough document review 
  • Adequate time for internal approvals 
  • Proper coordination of participant communications 

Fiduciary considerations 

From a fiduciary perspective, timely compliance with the Cycle 2 restatement requirement is part of maintaining prudent plan governance. Failure to act could result in: 

  • Plan disqualification risk 
  • Increased scrutiny during audits 
  • Operational failures requiring correction 

Proactive planning, documentation, and communication demonstrate sound fiduciary oversight and help protect both the plan sponsor and participants. 

Plan sponsors should act now

The Cycle 2 restatement deadline of December 31, 2026 is fast approaching. While the process is manageable, it requires coordination and timely action. Plan sponsors should act now to confirm their document status, engage their service providers, and begin the review and adoption process well in advance of year-end.

Key takeaways

  • Confirm whether your 403(b) plan uses a pre-approved document, because the Cycle 2 restatement requirement applies specifically to pre-approved plans. 
  • Adopt the restated 403(b) plan document by December 31, 2026, to help maintain the plan’s tax-advantaged status. 
  • Review the updated plan provisions for changes that may affect plan administration, participant eligibility, or compliance responsibilities. 
  • Retain the fully executed restated plan document with permanent plan records, so it is available for audits, regulators, or governance reviews. 
  • Communicate updated plan terms and any material changes to participants within the required time frame.

Need help or have questions? Reach out to your BerryDunn or Creative Planning Retirement Services teams. 

Article
403(b) plan sponsors face 2026 Cycle 2 restatement deadline

Who this article applies to: Read this if you are a CEO, CFO, board member, or other professional involved in the Form 990 reporting process at a nonprofit organization that files Form 990.

You've probably heard the phrase "show the receipts." In today's world, this means being able to support your claims with clear evidence and documentation. While transparency has always been a cornerstone of the nonprofit sector, lawmakers and regulators are looking to place even more emphasis on transparency, accountability, and disclosure.

In April 2026, the US Department of the Treasury announced plans to revise Form 990. According to the announcement, the proposed revisions are intended to improve transparency, strengthen tax administration, and enhance reporting related to certain activities of organizations exempt under Internal Revenue Code Section 501(c)(3), including government contracts, government grants, and fiscal sponsorship arrangements. Treasury officials have indicated the initiative is intended to improve visibility into how charitable organizations receive and use funds, particularly where complex organizational structures exist.

Five legislative proposals focused on nonprofit transparency

In July, as a follow-up to the Treasury’s April announcement, the House Ways and Means Committee—the chief tax-writing committee in the US House of Representatives—approved five proposed pieces of legislation aimed at increasing transparency and accountability within the nonprofit sector.

1) Foreign Funding Transparency Act (H.R. 9772) – House Ways and Means Committee memo

  • Requires tax-exempt organizations to collect and report to the IRS the aggregate amount of donations received from foreign nationals. 
  • Mandates that tax-exempt organizations include as a separate line item the aggregate amount of donations received from those foreign nationals who are from a foreign country of concern (i.e., China, North Korea, Russia, Iran). 
  • Addresses how dual citizenship is reported for foreign nationals from a country of concern to ensure accurate reporting.

2) Stopping Foreign Influence in Elections Act of 2026 (H.R. 9771) – House Ways and Means Committee memo

  • Enacts a penalty on tax-exempt organizations that receive contributions from foreign nationals and then donate to a Political Action Committee (PAC) or a 501(c)(4). Penalty is twice the amount of the contribution given to the entity.
  • Establishes secondary excise tax on tax-exempt organizations that contribute to a PAC or 501(c)(4) organization if they have received a contribution or gift from a foreign national within the last two years.
    • Excise tax on the first contribution is equal to 100% of the contribution to the PAC.
    • Excise tax on the second contribution is equal to 200% of the contribution to the PAC. 
  • Suspends tax-exempt status for two years, beginning on the date a tax-exempt organization makes a third contribution to a PAC, and imposes an additional 200% excise tax.

3) Fiscal Sponsorship Transparency Act (H.R. 9721) – House Ways and Means Committee memo

  • Requires tax-exempt organizations to disclose the following information regarding certain fiscally sponsored projects:
    • Name of each party, other than any individuals, subject to the arrangement
    • Aggregate amount of funds made available or transferred to the project
    • Description of the activities related to the amounts made available or transferred
    • Name of the individual designated as the principal officer managing the fiscal sponsorship arrangement on behalf of the organization
    • Date on which the arrangement began, and if applicable, the date on which the arrangement ended
  • Imposes excise taxes on organizations acting merely as a conduit for a third party that is not tax-exempt.

4) Fair Treatment of Religious Organizations Act of 2026 (H.R. 9722) – House Ways and Means Committee memo

  • Amends IRC §501 to require that determinations of religious purpose be made without regard to an organization's beliefs or practices concerning marriage, sexuality, or gender identity—even if inconsistent with public policy. Protections extend to §501(c) status, eligibility for deductible contributions, and any other federal benefit tied to charitable status. 
  • Clarifies that a belief does not fail to be treated as a religious belief merely because it is not compelled by or central to a system of religion. 
  • Applies to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2025.

5) Tax Exempt Hospital Transparency Act (H.R. 9504) – House Ways and Means Committee memo

  • Amends IRC § 6033 governing disclosure to require additional reporting from all tax-exempt hospitals, including: 
    • CMS certification number for each hospital facility
    • Value of the financial assistance provided during a taxable year
    • Number of completed financial assistance applications received, granted, and denied during a taxable year
  • Requires the following additional reporting from large tax-exempt hospitals that have more than 100 inpatient beds:
    • Amount of spending to address the three highest priority health needs identified in the most recent Community Health Needs Assessment and a description of actions taken during the taxable year to meet each need
    • Amount of spending on: 
      • Quality improvement
      • Nonclinical programming
      • Other community benefits that the Secretary may prescribe
  • Requires the following additional reporting from high revenue tax-exempt hospitals that have more than $100 million in net patient revenue: 
    • Spending on advertising costs
    • Information on health service lines
    • Information on 340B drug discount program

Importantly, while the House Ways and Means Committee has approved these proposals, they must complete the legislative process before becoming law. While specific details regarding potential changes to Form 990 remain unclear, the message from policymakers is not: changes are likely on the horizon.

What does this mean for tax-exempt organizations?

Currently, there are no immediate changes to Form 990 reporting requirements. Further, if history is any indication, modifications to Form 990 traditionally move at a deliberate pace and involve an extensive review and development process. This includes public comment periods, which allow practitioners, organizations, and other stakeholders an opportunity to provide feedback, ask questions, and seek clarification before any new requirements are finalized or enacted.

These recent developments serve as a helpful reminder that strong recordkeeping and documentation efforts remain crucial. Organizations should continue maintaining thorough support for their activities, grants, government funding, transactions, and governance practices. If future reporting requirements do emerge, an organization with sound documentation processes in place will generally fare better than those who do not.

Despite past precedent, could changes still be coming for the 2026 Form 990 as we approach the end of the year? Absolutely.

Key takeaways

  • Recognize that proposed Form 990 revisions are intended to increase transparency around government grants, contracts, fiscal sponsorship arrangements, and other activities of tax-exempt organizations.
  • Monitor the five nonprofit transparency bills approved by the House Ways and Means Committee, which must still move through the full legislative process before becoming law.
  • Understand that no immediate Form 990 reporting changes apply yet, and any revisions may still involve review, development, and public comment.
  • Maintain thorough documentation for activities, grants, government funding, transactions, and governance practices to better prepare for potential new reporting requirements.

About BerryDunn

The transparency conversation is still unfolding, and BerryDunn is actively monitoring all legislative and regulatory developments potentially affecting tax-exempt organizations. As additional guidance becomes available, we will continue to keep clients informed and help organizations understand what these developments may mean. Until then, we recommend watching for more developments and keeping your receipts. Learn more about our team and services.

Article
Congress wants receipts: Nonprofits may face new transparency rules

Who this applies to: Broker-dealers and their audit committees/boards. 

The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) recently released its 2025 Annual Report on the Interim Inspection Program Related to Audits of Brokers and Dealers, providing insight into the quality of broker-dealer audits and attestation engagements performed by PCAOB-registered firms. 

While the PCAOB reported improved inspection results in 2025, many of the deficiencies occurred in areas that remain a focus for SEC, FINRA, and PCAOB oversight. Broker-dealers should view the report as a roadmap to the areas most likely to attract regulatory scrutiny.

Inspection results continue to improve

The PCAOB inspected 61 firms and reviewed 103 broker-dealer audits during 2025. In its review, the PCAOB focused on areas involving heightened risk to investors and the protection of customer assets. Overall, inspection results improved across examination engagements, review engagements, and financial statement audits. 

The PCAOB found the following:

  • Deficiencies in examination engagements (broker-dealers filing compliance reports) decreased to 40%, compared to 59% in 2024. 
  • Deficiencies in review engagements (broker-dealers filing exemption reports) were 41%, generally consistent with the prior year. 
  • Deficiencies related to sufficient or appropriate evidence in financial statement audits declined to 56%, compared to 66% in 2024.

While inspection results improved, deficiencies remain common across broker-dealer audits and attestation engagements. 

Revenue remains the leading source of audit deficiencies 

Revenue testing was once again the area with the highest number of deficiencies. The PCAOB identified revenue-related deficiencies in 38 of 102 audits in which revenue was reviewed (37%).  

Common issues included: 

  • Insufficient testing of commission, underwriting fee, and advisory fee calculations 
  • Inadequate procedures to support revenue recognition under ASC 606, including the evaluation of performance obligations and related disclosures 
  • Overreliance on information provided by broker-dealers or service organizations without sufficient testing 

Revenue is often one of a broker-dealer's most significant accounts and frequently involves management judgment and complex accounting considerations. Deficiencies in this area can result in audit adjustments, disclosure issues, and increased scrutiny from regulators, and they can potentially delay the completion of financial statement audits. Broker-dealers should ensure revenue streams are well documented and supported by controls that demonstrate compliance with ASC 606 and other applicable reporting requirements.

Continued scrutiny of customer protection and compliance requirements 

For broker-dealers that hold customer assets or are subject to customer protection requirements, the PCAOB again identified deficiencies related to compliance examinations. Many of these findings involved insufficient testing of controls over compliance with SEC financial responsibility rules.  

Key observations included:

  • Insufficient testing of controls related to customer reserve calculations and possession or control requirements under the Customer Protection Rule 
  • Failure to adequately evaluate important controls governing customer assets, including management review controls and controls over information used in regulatory calculations 
  • Deficiencies in testing information produced by service organizations and information technology controls 

For broker-dealers subject to SEC Rule 15c3-3 or other financial responsibility requirements, weaknesses in compliance controls can lead to regulatory findings, increased examination activity, and questions about the safeguarding of customer assets. Strong documentation and effective controls are essential not only for audit purposes but also for demonstrating ongoing regulatory compliance. 

Evaluating audit results remains a challenge 

The PCAOB observed an increase in deficiencies related to auditors' evaluation of financial statement presentation and disclosures. Deficiencies in this area were identified in 27 audits (26%), up from 16% in the prior year.  

Examples included failures to identify:

  • Incomplete or inaccurate disclosures related to revenue recognition under ASC 606, including required information about performance obligations 
  • Financial statement presentation and disclosure issues involving cash flows, fair value measurements, and income taxes 
  • Omitted or incomplete disclosures associated with related-party transactions, segment reporting, fair value measurements, and other required GAAP disclosures 

These findings highlight the importance of not only accurate accounting but also thorough disclosure reviews during the financial reporting process. 

Related-party relationships and transactions remain a regulatory focus 

The PCAOB continues to identify deficiencies associated with auditors' evaluation of related-party relationships and transactions. In 2025, deficiencies were identified in five of the 30 audits in which related-party relationships and transactions were reviewed (17%), compared to 36% in 2024. While this represents improvement from prior years, related-party arrangements remain an area of heightened scrutiny due to the unique business structures commonly found within broker-dealer organizations. 

Common findings included: 

  • Insufficient testing of revenue and expense allocations between broker-dealers and affiliated entities 
  • Failure to verify the accuracy and completeness of data used in allocating revenues and expenses between broker-dealers and their affiliates 
  • Inadequate evaluation of whether allocations were consistent with written intercompany agreements 
  • Omitted or incomplete related-party disclosures required under ASC 850 
  • Insufficient communication of related-party matters to those charged with governance

Broker-dealers frequently operate within networks of affiliated entities and may share personnel, facilities, technology platforms, and operating costs across those entities. As a result, expense-sharing arrangements, management fee allocations, clearing relationships, and other affiliated transactions often attract audit and regulatory attention. Management should periodically review related-party agreements, ensure allocation methodologies are consistently applied and supported, and confirm that all required disclosures are complete and accurate.

Fraud-related procedures continue to attract attention 

The PCAOB also identified recurring issues related to journal entry testing and fraud risk considerations.  

Common findings included: 

  • Failure to select journal entries with fraud-related characteristics 
  • Incomplete journal entry populations 
  • Insufficient testing of supporting documentation 
  • Lack of rationale for excluding journal entries from testing 

Broker-dealers should view these findings as a reminder that fraud risk assessment extends beyond the audit process. Strong internal controls, management oversight, and monitoring activities can help identify unusual transactions before they become regulatory or financial reporting issues. Because fraud-related procedures remain a core PCAOB focus, weaknesses in these areas may attract increased attention during both audits and inspections.

Turning inspection findings into action 

The PCAOB's report is more than a summary of audit deficiencies. It provides broker-dealers and those charged with governance with valuable insight into the financial reporting, compliance, and control areas receiving the greatest regulatory attention. By understanding these common inspection findings, management can strengthen controls, improve documentation, enhance disclosures, and better position the organization for audits, examinations, and ongoing regulatory oversight.  

For broker-dealers, the strongest response to the PCAOB's inspection findings is a proactive one: 

  • Identify gaps before the audit begins. 
  • Strengthen controls before regulators identify deficiencies. 
  • Maintain a year-round focus on financial reporting and compliance risks. 

Key takeaways

  • Monitor PCAOB inspection findings to understand which broker-dealer audit and attestation areas are most likely to receive regulatory scrutiny. 
  • Strengthen documentation, controls, and disclosures around revenue recognition, customer protection, related-party transactions, and fraud procedures. 
  • Review audit readiness throughout the year so financial reporting and compliance issues can be addressed before audits, examinations, or inspections.

About BerryDunn

Our financial services team understands the complex regulatory environment that broker-dealers operate in and provides practical solutions to help you stay ahead of requirements. From broker-dealer financial statement audits to tax preparation, compliance, and consulting services, we tailor our services to meet your unique needs. Learn more about our team and services. 

Article
PCAOB 2025 inspection report: Broker-dealer & audit committee insights

Who this applies to: Those responsible for price transparency reporting, revenue cycle/registration, or contracting at an Inpatient Prospective Payment System (IPPS) hospital or in a reimbursement department at a healthcare facility. 

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) introduced Worksheet S-12 to Form CMS-2552-10, adding a new reporting requirement for certain IPPS hospitals. Effective for cost reporting periods ending on or after January 1, 2026, applicable hospitals must report the weighted median Medicare Advantage Organization (MAO) payer-specific negotiated charge by Medicare Severity Diagnosis Related Group (MS-DRG) for inpatient discharges during the cost reporting period.

What Worksheet S-12 measures and why it matters 

Although the worksheet refers to negotiated “charges,” the reported amount is better understood as the negotiated payment rate or estimated payment amount associated with a Medicare Advantage contract for a specific MS-DRG. These amounts generally do not tie directly to the actual payment received on each individual claim. Instead, the worksheet is intended to capture a standardized, discharge-weighted median negotiated amount for each applicable MS-DRG. 

CMS created Worksheet S-12 to collect MS-DRG-specific payment data for use in developing a market-based MS-DRG relative weight methodology beginning in FY 2029. Because CMS has stated that they may refine this methodology through future rulemaking before implementation, hospitals should monitor future rules and related guidance for updates.

Who must complete Worksheet S-12? 

Worksheet S-12 applies to subsection (d) hospitals, including applicable IPPS hospitals and subsection (d) Puerto Rico hospitals. The requirement does not apply to Critical Access Hospitals, inpatient psychiatric hospitals, inpatient rehabilitation hospitals, children’s hospitals, and cancer hospitals. CMS instructions also identify other limited exemptions, such as hospitals that do not negotiate payment rates and only receive non-negotiated payments, as well as hospitals paid under the Maryland Total Cost of Care Model during the model’s performance period.  

Hospitals should carefully evaluate whether they are subject to the requirement before preparing the cost report. Failure to complete the worksheet may result in the cost report being rejected, making early assessment and data preparation important. 

Core data needed to complete Worksheet S-12 

  • The hospital’s most recent Hospital Price Transparency Machine-Readable File (MRF) as of the hospital’s cost report filing date, which should include MAO payer-specific negotiated charges 
  • Detailed inpatient discharge data from the hospital’s Electronic Medical Record (EMR) or patient accounting system, organized by payer, plan, and MS-DRG 
  • Identification of capitated and non-capitated Medicare Advantage plans, because capitated arrangements are excluded from the weighted median calculation but may still be needed for reconciliation and audit support 
  • MS-DRG grouping or mapping information, particularly when negotiated charges are not identified directly at the MS-DRG level and must be cross-walked from another classification system 

Why the MFRs matters 

The Hospital Price Transparency MRF is central to Worksheet S-12 because it is the source for the MAO payer-specific negotiated charges. Hospitals should confirm that their file is available, complete, and formatted in a way that allows negotiated charges to be matched to MAO plans and MS-DRGs. If the file is incomplete or difficult to use, the hospital may face significant challenges preparing the worksheet accurately and timely.

Building the discharge detail file 

The discharge detail file should be developed from the hospital’s EMR or patient accounting system and should include one line per inpatient discharge. The file should be based on discharge dates within the hospital’s fiscal year and should include inpatient bill types, such as 11x claims, while allowing the hospital to identify transfers, denied claims, outpatient accounts, and claims pending appeal. 

  • Account number or other unique discharge identifier 
  • Discharge date 
  • Discharge disposition or other indicator used to distinguish true discharges from transfers 
  • Financial class 
  • Payer plan name 
  • Payer plan code 
  • MS-DRG 
  • Capitation indicator 
  • Claim status, including indicators for denied claims, outpatient claims, and claims pending appeal 

A clean discharge detail file is essential because the weighted median calculation depends on matching each applicable Medicare Advantage discharge to the correct negotiated charge. Each discharge should appear on a single line so that the data can be sorted, filtered, reconciled, and matched consistently.

How to calculate the weighted median negotiated charge 

To calculate the weighted median Medicare Advantage payer-specific negotiated charge, the hospital should first isolate inpatient discharges associated with Medicare Advantage plans. The negotiated charge from the MFR should then be matched to each discharge based on the MAO payer and the applicable MS-DRG. If a discharge or negotiated charge is not already identified at the MS-DRG level, the hospital must perform an appropriate crosswalk or grouping process. 

  1. Assign each Medicare Advantage inpatient discharge a payer-specific negotiated charge using the MAO plan and coded MS-DRG. 
  2. If the discharge is not coded to an MS-DRG, map the applicable classification, such as an APR-DRG, to the appropriate MS-DRG for matching. 
  3. Exclude capitated discharges and other accounts that should not be included in the calculation, while retaining them as needed for reconciliation and a solid audit trail. 
  4. Sort the remaining records by MS-DRG and negotiated charge from lowest to highest. 
  5. For each MS-DRG, identify the median negotiated charge. If the number of discharges is odd, use the middle value. If the number of discharges is even, average the two middle values. 
  6. Enter the resulting median negotiated charge on Worksheet S-12 only for MS-DRGs that had applicable discharges during the fiscal year. 

How to prepare for Worksheet S-12 

Hospitals should begin preparing for Worksheet S-12 well before the cost report filing deadline.  

Key steps to take now:  

  1. Validate the hospital’s MRF. 
  2. Confirm Medicare Advantage payer mappings. 
  3. Develop a discharge-level data extract. 
  4. Identify capitated arrangements. 
  5. Test the median calculation process. 

Early preparation can help reduce filing risk, support reconciliation, and avoid last-minute issues with cost report software edits. 

Because Worksheet S-12 connects Hospital Price Transparency data, Medicare Advantage contracting information, and Medicare cost report reporting, the preparation process will likely require coordination among reimbursement, finance, revenue cycle, contracting, and information technology teams.

Key takeaways

  • Determine whether your hospital is required to complete Worksheet S-12 before beginning Medicare cost report preparation. 
  • Validate the hospital’s MRF to confirm Medicare Advantage negotiated charge data is complete and usable. 
  • Build a discharge-level data file that connects Medicare Advantage inpatient discharges to payer plans and MS-DRGs. 
  • Exclude capitated arrangements and other non-applicable accounts from the weighted median calculation while retaining support for reconciliation. 
  • Coordinate across reimbursement, finance, revenue cycle, contracting, and IT teams to reduce filing risk and support timely reporting.

About BerryDunn

BerryDunn’s healthcare reimbursement team can help hospitals prepare for Worksheet S-12 by evaluating applicability, reviewing MRF readiness, developing discharge-level data extracts, mapping Medicare Advantage plans and MS-DRGs, and creating a defensible approach to the weighted median calculation. If your organization has questions about this new Medicare cost report requirement or needs support preparing for implementation, we can help. Learn more about our team and services.

Article
CMS cost reporting Worksheet S-12: What hospitals need to know