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Signed into law by President Trump on July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) marks a significant step forward in addressing America’s growing need for affordable housing. With the demand for low-cost units far outpacing supply nationwide, the legislation offers targeted solutions aimed at making development more feasible and sustainable.

Effective starting January 1, 2026, OBBBA enacts two major changes to the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) program:

• Increases the 9% LIHTC ceiling by 12% — More tax credits will be available for states to allocate toward qualifying projects, meaning developers may have greater access to financial resources.
• Reduces the tax-exempt bond financing threshold for the 4% LIHTC credit from 50% to 25% — This change lowers a key barrier, making it easier for developers to qualify for the 4% credit without needing as much upfront bond financing.

What are the impacts on affordable housing?

These updates are expected to open the door for more developers to build affordable housing by:

• Providing greater funding opportunities, especially for projects that previously fell short of eligibility.
• Making the 4% credit more accessible, helping close the gap between available units and growing demand.
• Encouraging innovation and collaboration across the housing sector, especially at the state and local level.

If you're interested in a deeper dive into OBBBA’s tax implications, be sure to download our full summary to explore the bill’s key provisions and how they may impact your next project.

What to expect at BerryDunn

As consultants to organizations of all sizes throughout the US, our team has a clear understanding of industry best practices. We provide the vital strategic, financial, and operational support necessary to help you fulfill your missions. 

Our team has experience with affordable housing agencies subject to audits under both Financial Accounting Standards Boards and Government Accounting Standards Board. Additionally, we have experience with the various tax credits available to affordable housing agencies, HUD compliance, annual Real Estate Assessment Center (REAC) submissions, and other compliance matters. Learn more about our team and services.

This article is based on an episode of the Let's Talk Parks with BerryDunn podcast. Listen to the full episode here. 

July is National Parks and Recreation Month, and it’s the perfect time to celebrate the people who transform everyday spaces into places of joy, connection, and belonging. To highlight this year’s theme, ‘Build together, play together,’ members of BerryDunn’s Parks, Recreation, and Libraries team share stories of projects that helped communities thrive—and the personal ways they embrace play in their own lives. 

From bustling cities to quiet towns, parks and recreation departments are shaping the future through thoughtful planning, conservation, and inclusive programming. Their work proves that when we invest in shared spaces, we invest in each other. We are proud to support this meaningful work and to share these successes.  

Strategic planning for community growth 

Communities across America are discovering how intentional parks and recreation planning can spark transformation. In Charles County, Maryland, a comprehensive Land Preservation Parks and Recreation Plan (LPPRP) has become a blueprint for community development. 

“Through leadership and strategic guidance, the planning process brought together various voices throughout the county,” says Lisa Wolff, senior consultant with BerryDunn’s Parks, Recreation and Libraries team. 

In Timnath, Colorado, community feedback didn’t just shape ideas—it drove action. When 95% of residents voiced support for a new recreation center, the town moved swiftly from vision to reality. Ryan Hegreness, who managed Timnath’s Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Master Plan, saw firsthand how listening to residents can accelerate change. 

Meanwhile, in Greeley, Colorado, BerryDunn Manager Nikki Ginger has been impressed with how the strategic investment in master planning and facility assessments is helping the Culture, Park, and Recreation Department strengthen diverse communities and meet evolving needs. 

Preservation and heritage 

Parks aren’t just about play—they’re about protecting what matters. In 2023 alone, Charles County preserved 1,700 acres of farmland and forest, secured $1.7 million in open space grants, and obtained over $380,000 in rural legacy funds for conservation easements. 

These efforts safeguard not only natural landscapes but cultural treasures like Mallows Bay, home to the “Ghost Fleet of the Potomac.” Designated a National Marine Sanctuary in 2019, this hauntingly beautiful spot holds nearly 200 historic shipwrecks—the largest collection in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. 

Recreation and community connection 

Park professionals don’t just build spaces—they create moments. Ryan Hegreness’ local pickup soccer group is a daily ritual that brings together teens, seniors, and everyone in between. “It’s a powerful example of how sports can bring people together—not just during your childhood, but throughout your life,” Hegreness shares. 

Lisa Wolff’s journey began as a “parks and rec kid” in Wilmington, Delaware. Today, she hikes, kayaks, and serves on her local Parks and Recreation Advisory Board. Her story reflects the countless individuals who find friendship, purpose, and joy through recreation. 

Professional impact and leadership 

The influence of parks and recreation stretches far beyond playgrounds—it’s about leadership, vision, and lifelong service. Elsa Fisher, newly elected to the Skokie Park District Board of Commissioners, brings four decades of experience to her role. “I am experiencing local parks and recreation with a new perspective,” Fisher says, highlighting her work in budgeting, park development, and community events. 

For professionals like Lisa Wolff, the work is deeply personal. “The quality of my life matters. And that’s why I celebrate Parks and Recreation Month with excitement and gratitude for a career path that really makes me smile pretty much every day.” 

Happy Parks and Recreation Month!  

From strategic planning to conservation, from pickup games to public service, parks and recreation professionals are building stronger, more connected communities. 'Build together, play together' isn’t just a theme—it’s a way of life. And this July, we honor the people who make it all possible. 

Innovative strategies for parks, recreation, and libraries 

BerryDunn's consultants work with you to improve operations, drive innovation, identify improvements to services based on community need, and elevate your brand and image―all from the perspective of our team’s combined 100 years of hands-on experience. We provide practical park solutions, recreation expertise, and library consulting. Learn more about our team and the services we offer.  

On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) was signed into law. This article summarizes relevant key provisions that impact tax-exempt organizations. 

Expansion of §4960 excise tax 

Internal Revenue Code (IRC) Section 4960 imposes a 21% excise tax on exempt organizations that pay over $1 million in compensation to their five highest-paid employees. The provision also taxes excess parachute payments.  

For tax years beginning in 2026, under the OBBBA this excise tax now applies to all earners of a nonprofit receiving over $1 million in compensation, rather than just the five highest-paid employees. Importantly, this change is retroactive and requires organizations to look at any employee or former employee who was employed during any taxable year beginning after December 31, 2016. The exclusion from this tax for employees providing medical services continues to apply. 

Excise tax on investment income of private colleges and universities under IRC §4968 

IRC Section 4968 imposed an excise tax of 1.4% on net investment income of private colleges and universities that have at least 500 tuition-paying students and at least $500,000 in endowment assets per student. 

Under the OBBBA, for tax years beginning after December 31, 2025, a tiered tax regime has been created dependent on an institution’s “student adjusted endowment” for private colleges and universities that have at least 3,000 tuition-paying students and at least $500,000 in their student-adjusted endowment. The rates are: 

• 1.4% for endowments of at least $500,000 but less than $750,000 

• 4% for endowments of at least $750,000 but less than $2 million 

• 8% for endowments of at least $2 million per student 

Charitable giving for corporations and individuals 

The OBBBA has added several provisions in the realm of charitable contribution deductions for both corporations and individuals, which could impact amounts received by nonprofit organizations in the form of charitable giving. 

For corporations, the OBBBA establishes a 1% floor for charitable contributions, further limiting the charitable contribution deduction amount a corporation can claim for tax purposes. The 10% ceiling for these deductions remains. 

For individuals who itemize deductions, the OBBBA establishes a cap on the overall itemized deductions that can be claimed by high income taxpayers. The OBBBA also creates a 0.5% floor for charitable contribution deductions, meaning that individuals who itemize would be entitled to claim a charitable contribution deduction only if they contribute in excess of 0.5% of their charitable contribution base (AGI before deductions for charitable giving). 

For non-itemizers, the OBBBA provides a tax deduction of $1,000 for single taxpayers and $2,000 for joint filers for charitable contributions, starting in 2026. 

Additional tax changes 

• The use of funds in IRC Section 529 plans has been expanded to cover homeschooling costs, purchase of curricular and online educational materials, tutoring, standardized testing fees, and education-related therapies for students with disabilities. The measure would also cover tuition, fees, and supplies associated with obtaining postsecondary credentials through recognized vocational and certificate programs.  

• The OBBBA has made the tax treatment of moving expenses permanent. Thus, employee-incurred moving expenses are not tax-deductible, and any moving expenses reimbursed by the employer are taxable compensation to the employee. 

• The Paid Family and Medical Leave tax credit has been permanently extended, and enhancements by OBBBA have been made to the credit. 

• $5,250 (to be adjusted annually for inflation) in employer payments of student loans as educational assistance payments have been permanently extended through the OBBBA. 

There were a few proposed provisions specific to the nonprofit sector that were ultimately not included in the final version of the OBBBA, such as the revival of the UBI parking tax as well as increases in the excise tax rate on net investment income for private foundations. However, some of these provisions could potentially be reintroduced in subsequent legislation as Congress looks to find additional sources of revenue. 

BerryDunn’s team of professionals serves a range of nonprofit organizations, including but not limited to educational institutions, foundations, behavioral health organizations, community action programs, conservation organizations, and social services agencies. We provide the vital strategic, financial, and operational support necessary to help nonprofits fulfill their missions. Learn more about our team and services. 

In today's rapidly evolving business landscape, boards of directors are more than just stewards of governance—they are the strategic compass guiding an organization toward enduring success. As the challenges facing companies grow increasingly complex, from disruptive technological trends to shifting societal expectations, the board's role has never been more critical.  

This series is designed to empower board members with the insights and tools necessary to navigate change with confidence. Our experts, each a leader in their respective fields, will share real-world examples, practical frameworks, and actionable advice in a Q&A format, and lessons learned from their personal and professional journeys.   

Human Resources: Onboarding new hires and bridging generations   

For the latest installment of our board leadership series, BerryDunn’s HR Generalist, Maddie Stevens, shares insights on onboarding, engaging, and fostering connections for new employees, as well as leveraging generational gaps in the workforce.   

Q: What trends or challenges do you see impacting the future of your field, and how are you preparing to address them?   

A: Managing information overload and ensuring that employees feel engaged are common challenges when working with new hires. To prevent information overload, we are constantly auditing our new hire process, reviewing the who, what, where, and why for every communication. It is important to be mindful of what needs to be communicated on day one versus what can wait until week two, week three, etc. This is why we strongly rely on an 8- to 12-week onboarding plan.   

Q: How do you help new hires build relationships with their team members and other departments, as well as understand and integrate into company culture during the onboarding phase?   

A: We start by creating opportunities for connections. During orientation, new hires have the opportunity to connect online with several different employees on the operations side of the firm, including HR, IT, Payroll, Accounting, and Well-being. We facilitate virtual social connections and networking events for employees to attend, which include workout classes, employee resource groups, book socials, a monthly new hire social, and a coffee break where we talk about what we are reading, watching, and listening to. These are available to all staff—regardless of whether they are in-house or remote.  

 Another method we use to help facilitate connections is by publishing a monthly new hire announcement, which incorporates photos, LinkedIn profiles, and biographical information to introduce each new hire. To integrate new employees into the BerryDunn culture, we pair each with an onboarding partner. The partner’s role is to make the new hire feel welcome, track their progress, and serve as an advocate and resource during the first eight weeks of employment.  

Q: What metrics do you use to measure the success of an onboarding program, and how do you collect feedback from new hires?   

A: Our team measures the success of our onboarding program with metrics from online surveys at the end of an employee’s first week. We also conduct 90-day, six-month, and one-year surveys. The surveys include questions related to engagement such as:   

• I have met senior leaders in my practice/department.  

• I feel connected to my team.  

• I am satisfied with my relationship with my supervisor/reviewer.   

We also ask questions to help ensure employees feel informed, including:   

• Is there anything from your onboarding experience we should change/add to help new hires get acclimated?  

• I feel confident about describing the services my group provides.  

• What additional information or training would be helpful during your first six months?  

We track response rates and share monthly results with the BerryDunn leadership team and those involved with the onboarding program. Having a team that is committed to the success of an onboarding program is essential.  

Q: What role does efficiency and automation play in your onboarding process, and where do you believe it is most effective or inefficient?   

A: Employees have the same efficient online onboarding process regardless of whether they start at an office or remotely. This includes our benefits enrollment, informational sessions, and compliance training. We're always looking for ways to be more efficient with tasks, as many of those related to onboarding are manual (i.e., sending the same email communication, creating calendar invites, preparing agendas). We currently use automation for launching surveys based on an employee’s start date and for sending an occasional mail merge when it comes to bigger orientation classes like intern orientation.  

Q: How can organizations ensure that employees from different generations are equally comfortable with digital tools and platforms?   

A: It's important to make sure there are digital resources available for any learning style. The first resource we provide for new employees is an IT session at the end of their first day. This provides the opportunity to have an expert available to help with any day-one struggles, as well as an overview of different software. We also have articles and videos in our online resource center and our technology training center that provide self-service materials for different platforms.    

Q: How do you suggest companies customize their employee engagement strategies to meet the diverse needs of different generations and what advice would you give employers struggling to bridge generational gaps within their teams?   

A: Companies can tailor their employee engagement strategies to meet the diverse needs of different generations by offering different opportunities to support various interests and to meet others. One recommendation for those who are struggling to bridge generational gaps within their teams is to focus on communication and collaboration. Encouraging both can help provide a sense of belonging and understanding. Another recommendation is to reach out to your HR team for ideas to help bridge generational gaps.   

About Maddie  

Maddie Stevens is an HR Generalist at BerryDunn, based in Maine. She is certified as both a SHRM-Certified Professional (SHRM-CP) and a Professional in Human Resources (PHR). Maddie’s interest in HR developed through an internship her senior year of college, ultimately inspiring her to pursue her MBA with a focus on HR. Studying for her SHRM-CP exam while in graduate school solidified her interest in the field and helped her gain confidence. Maddie believes professional growth comes from a willingness to explore new opportunities, seek out informal informational interviews, and job shadowing. She is motivated by fulfilling work, which is often when she can improve a process. Maddie appreciates receiving feedback and collaborating with others to figure out how to improve a process. She holds a bachelor's degree in marketing and tourism & hospitality from the University of Southern Maine and an MBA in Human Resource Management from Thomas College. 

BerryDunn partners with organizations to create work environments where business success and personal growth coexist and where people are confident knowing their workplace positively contributes to their well-being. We take a comprehensive approach to our workforce and well-being work, considering how business needs, organizational capacity, and the employee experience work together to drive your business forward. Learn more about our workforce and well-being team and services.   

Read this if you’re a CFO, billing manager, or revenue cycle professional at an FQHC or RHC. 

On July 1, 2025, Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) and Rural Health Clinics (RHCs) transitioned from cost report-based to claim-based Medicare reimbursement for influenza, pneumococcal, COVID-19, and Hepatitis B vaccines. This important policy change enables real-time payment, improving cash flow and making vaccine administration more financially viable for health centers and clinics.

Importantly, while the billing method is changing, reimbursement for these vaccines remains based on reasonable cost principles. Health centers and clinics must still track vaccine-related costs and report them in the annual Medicare cost report, which will be used to reconcile reasonable costs to the payments received through claims processing. 

Why the change matters 

Prior to the change, Medicare reimbursed FQHCs and RHCs for vaccines and their administration through the annual cost report and they were not allowed to be billed and reimbursed when the services were provided.  

As a result, health centers and clinics had to cover both the vaccine and administration costs upfront, potentially waiting up to 18 months or more for reimbursement due to the timing of cost report submissions and Medicare contractor settlement processes.   

This delay posed a significant challenge for FQHCs and RHCs, which typically operate with tight cash flow and limited working capital. 

Real-time payments improve cash flow 

The July change allows FQHCs and RHCs to bill Medicare for vaccines and their administration on a claim-by-claim basis. Health centers will now receive payment shortly after submitting the claim, rather than waiting for year-end cost report settlements to come through.  

Claims must include: 

• CPT or HCPCS codes for each vaccine administered 

• Corresponding administration codes 

• Other billable services rendered during the visit, if any 

Notably, vaccines and administration can be billed regardless of whether a face‑to‑face encounter with a provider occurs. Services provided by qualified staff, such as nurses, are billable even without a provider visit on the same day. 

Accurate and timely claim submission will be critical to support compliant reimbursement and minimize processing delays or denials.  

New reimbursement for Hepatitis B vaccines 

Effective January 1, 2025, Medicare began allowing FQHCs and RHCs to be reimbursed for Hepatitis B vaccines and their administration. This is a change from prior policy, which did not permit payment for these vaccines in these settings.  

From January 1 through June 30, 2025, reimbursement for Hepatitis B vaccines will occur via the cost report, the same as the other reimbursable vaccines. Health centers and clinics should accumulate and report these costs accordingly when filing their 2025 cost report. Starting July 1, 2025, Hepatitis B vaccines will transition to claim-based reimbursement, joining influenza, pneumococcal, and COVID-19 vaccines in the new billing structure. 

Making on-site vaccinations financially feasible 

The long delay in Medicare reimbursement for vaccines has led some health centers and clinics to refer Medicare beneficiaries to local pharmacies for their vaccinations. With this regulatory change, providing vaccines on-site becomes much more viable, both financially and operationally. 

Medicare reimbursement will be as follows: 

• 95% of the Average Wholesale Price (AWP) for the vaccine itself 

• A fixed administration fee per dose, per the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule 

For most FQHCs and RHCs, claim-based reimbursements are comparable with amounts received through the cost settlements, with the key difference of quicker cash payment.  

What about the reconciliation process? 

Because vaccine reimbursement remains cost-based, FQHCs and RHCs must continue to track and report vaccine costs in their Medicare cost reports. The real-time payments received through claims will be reconciled against the actual reasonable costs reported annually.  

If total claim-based reimbursements exceed reasonable costs calculated in the cost report, the excess reimbursement will be required to be repaid to Medicare with the submission of the cost report. For most health centers and clinics, this variance is expected to be minimal. However, larger clinics with high vaccination volume could experience larger variances. Periodically throughout the year, FQHCs and RHCs should compare the vaccine acquisition price to the AWP and if acquisition prices are less than AWP, consider the need to complete an interim cost settlement and establish a reserve for amounts due to Medicare. 

A win for FQHCs, RHCs, and patients 

Real-time reimbursement reduces administrative burden, improves financial predictability, and enables health centers and clinics to better manage care for Medicare patients. Offering vaccines in-house enhances convenience, increases vaccine uptake, and improves public health outcomes.  

Health centers and clinics are better positioned to integrate vaccination into routine care, eliminating the need to refer patients elsewhere and strengthening continuity of care. 

How BerryDunn can help 

As the healthcare landscape evolves, FQHCs and RHCs must adapt to policy changes while continuing to meet the needs of their communities. BerryDunn’s healthcare consultants work closely with FQHCs and RHCs to: 

• Streamline operations and billing workflows 

• Ensure compliant claim submission 

• Plan strategically for cost report reconciliation 

• Integrate best practices for financial and operational performance 

Whether you need support implementing these changes or optimizing broader business strategies, BerryDunn is here to help. Learn more about BerryDunn’s team and services. 

Anyone involved in international operations, finance, or compliance should pay attention to duty drawback—here’s why.  

This article is the last in a series to help businesses navigate trade strategies amidst tariff changes.

Tariffs remain a significant cost factor for US importers and exporters. Understanding and leveraging trade programs is more critical than ever. One underutilized but highly valuable strategic tool is duty drawback.  

With global supply chains in flux and tariffs remaining a significant cost factor for US importers and exporters, understanding and leveraging trade programs is more critical than ever. One such underutilized but highly valuable program is duty drawback—a strategic tool that can return up to 99% of duties paid on imported goods that are later exported. 

What is duty drawback? 

Duty drawback is a US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) program that allows companies to claim refunds on duties, taxes, and fees paid on imported merchandise that is subsequently exported, destroyed, or used in the manufacture of exported products. This includes: 

• Unused merchandise drawback: Re-exported goods 
• Manufacturing drawback: Goods incorporated into exported items 
• Rejected merchandise drawback: Goods returned to the seller or destroyed 

Why it matters now more than ever 

As tariffs remain a volatile component of trade policy, businesses paying duties on goods that eventually leave the US are leaving money on the table if they’re not filing for drawback. With the passage of the Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act (TFTEA), CBP has modernized the drawback process, expanded eligibility, and simplified recordkeeping—making it more accessible for businesses of all sizes. 

Key considerations 

To take advantage of duty drawback, companies must: 

• Maintain detailed records of import and export transactions 
• Meet strict timelines (generally within five years of import) 
• File through the CBP’s Automated Commercial Environment (ACE) 
• Ensure that exported products can be traced to the original imports 

While the potential refunds are substantial, the compliance and documentation requirements can be complex. 

How our firm can help 

At BerryDunn, we help clients uncover and realize significant cost savings through strategic deliveries such as duty drawback programs.  

Don’t overpay on tariffs 

In an environment of evolving trade regulations and escalating duty costs, duty drawback offers a rare opportunity to recover sunk costs and strengthen your competitive edge. 

Let’s talk strategy 

Contact us to explore how a proactive drawback strategy can benefit your business. We’ll help you connect with the experts to turn complexity into clarity—and duty into dollars. 

Read the other articles in our series about tariffs.  

Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in healthcare have become ubiquitous and pervasive, and their adoption is accelerating. A recent American Medical Association survey disclosed physicians’ confidence in AI’s advantage for patient care is on the rise and their enthusiasm for its use is increasing.  

AI applications in healthcare 

AI applications have proved beneficial in a variety of ways in healthcare settings, including: 

• Managing hospital operations and patient flows 

• Assisting with resource allocation 

• Automating administrative tasks  

• Reducing clinicians’ repetitive tasks 

• Assisting in clinical decision-making 

• Detecting disease states 

• Aiding in clinical documentation 

Considerations for AI adoption 

This era of widespread AI-based application adoption represents a new phase of AI and presents new questions and challenges for healthcare organizations.  

A 2023 Center for Connected Medicine KLAS survey of healthcare systems disclosed only 16% have a system-wide policy for governance of AI usage. Organizations need to consider issues of data protection and privacy, patient consent, physician oversight and review, integration of workflows, and equitable access.  

Healthcare organizations should stay current on the emerging and evolving regulatory framework. For example, the US House bill (H.R. 1) passed in May 2025 proposes to block states from regulating AI models, shifting to federal oversight. It will warrant close monitoring, as the ultimate outcome will undoubtedly impact organizational compliance efforts.   

AI oversight 

Oversight is essential when implementing AI. We recommend that organizations consider forming AI committees composed of executives, information technology officers, legal advisors, clinicians, and cybersecurity specialists. These committees should establish and review institutional policies surrounding: 

• Patient privacy 

• Security measures, including encryption, secure storage, and security audits 

• Physician review of AI-based diagnoses and clinical decisions 

• Patient consent for use of their data, data sharing among applications, risks/benefits of AI-based applications 

• Staff education surrounding application use 

• Workflow integration with EHRs 

• Adoption of new applications 

• Clinician review of AI-generated notes and ambient listening technology documentation 

BerryDunn’s healthcare compliance team incorporates deep, hands-on knowledge with industry best practices to help ensure your operation is compliant and efficient. Learn more about BerryDunn’s team and services. 

This article is part of a series detailing meaningful proposed tax law changes. Read the previous article on key individual tax changes. 

The "Big Beautiful Bill" introduces a new savings vehicle for American families called the Trump Account. This novel provision has largely been overshadowed by other headline items including the SALT cap—and perhaps understandably so. This article will explain what these accounts are, how they would work, and their tax implications, so that if the legislation passes, you can be informed on whether they fit into your family's financial future.

What are Trump Accounts? 

Trump Accounts are specialized savings accounts designed for parents to invest in the futures of their children. 

• Account requirements: These accounts must be established as either a trust or custodial account before the child (the beneficiary) turns eight years old. 
• Contributions: Contributions are limited to cash only, with an annual cap of $5,000 per child (indexed for inflation), and can continue until the beneficiary reaches age 18. 
• Account limit: Each child is allowed only one Trump Account. If multiple accounts are created for the same beneficiary, only the first one qualifies as legitimate; any additional accounts are subject to a steep 100% excise tax on any income they generate. 
• Investment options: Funds can only be invested in stock of a regulated investment company that tracks a "well-established index" or a portfolio composed exclusively of US equities. While this restriction aims to promote long-term, stable growth through proven market indexes, it may limit flexibility compared to other savings options. 

Tax implications and distributions 

The rules governing distributions from Trump Accounts are somewhat intricate, but the overall tax benefits appear limited.

• Return of investment: Any portion of a distribution that represents a return of the original contributions is not subject to tax, which aligns with the fact that contributions are made with after-tax dollars and are not deductible. 
• Earnings: Any earnings or investment gains within the account are taxable to the beneficiary, regardless of how the funds are used. 
• Qualified purposes: If the funds are used for qualified purposes (defined as higher education expenses, a small business or farm loan taken out by the beneficiary, or a first-time home purchase), then the resulting gains are taxed at capital gains rates rather than as ordinary income. 
• Penalties: There is an additional 10% penalty on distributions to beneficiaries under the age of 31 which are not attributable to qualified expenses. 

Encouraging participation: The federal credit 

To encourage participation, the legislation includes a one-time federal credit of $1,000 for beneficiaries born between 2025 and 2028. 

• Automatic deposit: This credit is automatically deposited into a Trump Account unless the taxpayer opts out on their tax return. 
• IRS establishment: If no account has been created and no election out has been indicated, the IRS will establish an account on the beneficiary's behalf, following the processing of the parent's tax return. This automatic enrollment feature could jumpstart savings for many families, particularly those who might not otherwise take the initiative to open an account. 

Comparing Trump Accounts to other savings options 

While Trump Accounts offer some advantages, they have limitations when compared to existing savings plans like 529 plans. 

• Advantages: Trump Accounts offer potential rate arbitrage, tax deferral, and a degree of investment security due to regulatory constraints. They also expand the definition of qualified expenses to include small business loans and first-time home purchases. 
• Disadvantages: They fall short of the full tax-free growth and withdrawal benefits associated with 529 plans. Additionally, they lack some of the flexibility of 529 plans, such as the ability to repay student loans or roll over unused funds into a Roth IRA. The annual contribution cap of $5,000, even when adjusted for inflation, may also limit the long-term impact of these accounts compared to the more generous limits available under 529 plans. 

For families considering how best to invest in their children’s futures, it is important to weigh the novelty of Trump Accounts against the proven advantages of existing plans. If you have questions about your unique situation or would like more information on how these accounts would fit into your family’s financial picture, please do not hesitate to reach out to the BerryDunn Tax Team. We are here to help you navigate these important decisions and ensure a bright financial future for your loved ones.

The Medicare Payment Advisory Commission (MedPAC) recently released its June 2025 Report to Congress, highlighting critical developments in Medicare Advantage (MA). Several key insights emerged with important implications for home health and supplemental benefit policy. 

Home health utilization patterns 

While overall home health use was similar between Medicare Advantage (8.3%) and Fee-for-Service (FFS) beneficiaries (8.6%), MA enrollees were 3.2 percentage points more likely to use home health following hospital discharge. This trend suggests that MA plans may be encouraging the use of home health as a lower-cost alternative to skilled nursing facility (SNF) care. 

Even more notably, MA enrollees received fewer visits on average—approximately 18 visits per year compared to 20 visits for FFS beneficiaries, representing an 11% reduction in service intensity. This occurred even when care was delivered by the same home health agencies, indicating plan-driven differences in utilization management. 

Supplemental benefits and transparency gaps 

Supplemental benefits—such as transportation, groceries, and fitness programs—remain a major draw for MA enrollment. In 2025, MA plans are projected to receive approximately $86 billion in Medicare rebates to fund these benefits, a dramatic rise from $21 billion in 2018. 

However, despite the scale of these investments, critical gaps remain in transparency and accountability. There is limited data on: 

• How frequently these benefits are used 
• How much plans actually spend per benefit  
• Whether they improve health outcomes 

As scrutiny over MA payment intensifies, the lack of reliable data prevents a meaningful assessment of value and impact. Without improved oversight and reporting, policymakers and stakeholders cannot determine whether MA plans are delivering better care or simply redistributing federal funds without measurable benefit. 

Implications for home health 

In the home health sector, providers continue to struggle with constrained reimbursement from MA plans, even as demand for post-acute care alternatives rises. To ensure that MA spending leads to meaningful improvements in care, greater transparency is urgently needed—both in how dollars are allocated and in whether they drive measurable health outcomes. Only with clearer insight into MA spending can we ensure investments are made in areas that deliver true value to patients and the healthcare system. 

BerryDunn’s home health and hospice team is comprised of respected industry leaders and professionals who have dedicated their careers to advancing patient care and navigating core challenges. We partner with clients on a variety of financial, outsourced, and consulting services. Learn more about our team and services.